15% of global electricity is generated from Hydropower

Hydro power, also known as hydroelectric power, is a form of energy that utilizes water to generate electricity. The energy source is derived from the movement of water, specifically the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It's one of the oldest forms of energy generation in the world, dating back to ancient civilizations utilizing water wheels. Today, it's considered a low-carbon and sustainable source of energy, similar to wind, nuclear, and solar power.

Producing electricity through hydro power involves the process of damming a river to create a reservoir, or using a flow of water from a high point. The potential energy stored in the water is converted to kinetic (motion) energy as it flows downhill and drives a turbine. This turbine is connected to an electric generator that transforms the mechanical energy of the turbine into electricity.

One significant advantage of hydro power is its low carbon intensity. With an average carbon intensity of 24 gCO2eq/kWh, hydro power, like nuclear (12 gCO2eq/kWh), wind (11 gCO2eq/kWh) and solar (45 gCO2eq/kWh) emits significantly fewer greenhouse gases when compared to fossil fuels such as coal (820 gCO2eq/kWh) and gas (490 gCO2eq/kWh). Thus, countries utilizing hydro power contribute less to global carbon emissions and climate change.

Moreover, the use of hydro power is more widespread than one might think, accounting for 15.14% of all electricity consumed globally. Some countries have invested heavily in this clean and sustainable technology, harnessing the power of their natural resources. Notably, hydro electricity provides a majority of electricity generation in many countries. In Iceland 71%, in Norway 88%, in Canada 61%, in Sweden 40%, and in Bhutan an impressive 100% of electricity comes from hydro power.

Hydro power, like wind, nuclear, and solar power sources, demonstrates the viability of low-carbon technologies in contributing to sustainable and green energy solutions worldwide. Commitment to these technologies is critical in the global response to climate change, and the reduction of dependence on high carbon-emitting fossil fuels. The success of hydro power in these countries serves as a testament to the sustainable potential of low-carbon technologies.