15% of global electricity is generated from Hydropower

Hydropower is a form of energy that harnesses the natural flow of water, primarily from rivers and streams, to produce electricity. It's one of the oldest and most widely used sources of energy, offering a reliable and renewable way to generate electricity. Hydroelectric systems capitalize on the Earth’s water cycle, using gravity and the flow of water to turn turbines that generate power. This source of energy is typically harnessed through dams built on large rivers, although there are also smaller-scale hydroelectric installations on smaller streams and rivers.

The process of generating electricity with hydropower begins with storing water in a dam, which creates potential energy. When water is released from the dam, it flows through turbines, driving generators that convert this kinetic energy into electricity. The amount of electricity generated depends largely on the volume of water flow and the height from which it falls. This method is highly efficient and can provide a steady supply of electricity, making it a valuable component of the world's energy mix alongside other clean technologies like wind, solar, and nuclear energy.

One of the notable advantages of hydropower is its low carbon intensity. At an average of 24 gCO2eq/kWh, hydro is a remarkably clean energy source, especially when compared to fossil fuels such as coal and gas, which emit 820 and 490 gCO2eq/kWh respectively. This positions hydro as a key player in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions, alongside other low-carbon technologies like nuclear (12 gCO2eq/kWh), wind (11 gCO2eq/kWh), and solar (45 gCO2eq/kWh). Together, these technologies help mitigate the negative impacts of climate change by replacing high-emission power sources.

Globally, hydropower contributes to more than 14% of electricity consumption, highlighting its significance in the global energy landscape. Many countries rely heavily on this green source to meet their electricity needs. In Iceland, for instance, 70% of electricity is generated from hydropower, while Norway generates a substantial 89% from this source. Bhutan and Paraguay are even more dependent, with 92% and 100% of their electricity, respectively, coming from hydro. Canada also taps into this abundant resource for more than half its electricity needs, generating 57% from hydro. These statistics underscore hydropower's capacity to sustainably power entire nations, reinforcing the case for greater deployment and development of hydroelectric facilities worldwide.

By integrating hydropower with other clean energy sources like wind, solar, and nuclear, we can create a robust, low-carbon energy mix that significantly reduces our reliance on fossil fuels. This approach not only combats climate change but also enhances energy security and promotes environmental sustainability. The collaborative use of these technologies maximizes their individual strengths, ensuring a cleaner, more sustainable future. Hydropower's role in this energy transition is vital, serving as a cornerstone of a diversified and resilient electrical grid. Together with wind, nuclear, and solar power, hydropower represents a pathway to a greener future, free from the harmful impacts of fossil fuel consumption.