In Malaysia, from October 2024 to September 2025, electricity generation was largely dependent on fossil fuels, which contributed to more than three-quarters of the total energy output. This comprised primarily of coal at almost half and gas at almost a third. In contrast, low-carbon or clean energy sources provided about 23% of the electricity supply. Hydropower led the low-carbon share with approximately 18.5%, while biofuels and solar energy contributed around 2.5% and 1.8% respectively. Despite the significant reliance on fossil fuels, the presence of low-carbon energy sources, including solar, reflects a modest but important step towards a sustainable energy future for Malaysia.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Malaysia?
The state of electricity growth in Malaysia appears somewhat concerning as the overall electricity consumption per person slightly decreased from the record set in 2024. The latest figure for total electricity consumption was 5204 kWh per person in 2025, down by a small margin from the previous high of 5224 kWh in 2024. On a positive note, low-carbon electricity generation per person has seen an increase, climbing to 1184 kWh from 1162 kWh, a welcomed growth that highlights increased clean energy usage. This shift towards low-carbon energy is crucial in addressing the environmental challenges posed by high fossil fuel dependence.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Malaysia could draw lessons from regions that have excelled in this area. For example, France and Slovakia achieve more than 60% of their electricity from nuclear power, showcasing the potential of nuclear energy in providing a stable and clean power supply. Additionally, Lebanon's solar energy generation illustrates how solar resources can be effectively harnessed. By increasing investments in nuclear and solar technologies, Malaysia can significantly improve its low-carbon electricity share, while mitigating the adverse effects of fossil fuel pollution and ensuring a greener energy future.
History
Looking back at Malaysia's history in low-carbon energy development, hydropower has historically played a pivotal role. Initial growth occurred in the mid-1980s and 1990s with brief interruptions. During the early 2000s and 2010s, there was significant expansion, particularly between 2014 and 2021, where hydroelectric generation saw a series of substantial increases. The most notable growth occurred in 2016 and 2017, with impressive upticks of 6.1 TWh and 6.6 TWh respectively. More recently, biofuels have made a significant contribution, especially in 2022, with an increase of 3.1 TWh. Malaysia's ongoing commitment to hydroelectric power and efforts to diversify its low-carbon sources underscore its movement towards achieving greener electricity.