Electricity in Norway in 2023/2024

Norway stands at the forefront of low-carbon electricity generation, an accomplishment that few other nations can claim. Over the past 12 months, from November 2023 to October 2024, Norway has sourced almost all of its electricity, specifically 98.9%, from low-carbon sources. This includes substantial contributions from hydropower, which provides nearly 89%, and wind power, accounting for more than 9% of the country's electricity profile. The reliance on fossil fuels is extremely minimal, with gas contributing just about 1.1% to the electricity mix. However, to sustain this clean energy dominance, Norway faces the challenge of electrifying other sectors, such as transportation, heating, and industry. This effort will demand a significant increase in clean electricity generation, as these sectors transition away from fossil fuels, which contribute to climate change and air pollution.

Suggestions

To meet future electricity demands, Norway could enhance its low-carbon electricity generation through strategic expansion in both wind power and other sustainable sources like nuclear. Capitalizing on its strong wind resources, the country can build additional wind farms, particularly offshore, where wind conditions are favorable. Moreover, integrating nuclear energy into the mix could provide a stable and continuous supply of clean electricity, complementing the variability inherent in wind and hydropower. Combining these efforts with advanced energy storage solutions will enable a flexible and resilient electricity grid that could effectively power newly electrified sectors without increasing fossil fuel dependency.

History

Historically, Norway's commitment to low-carbon electricity has been characterized by significant expansions and fluctuations in hydropower generation. In the 1980s, hydropower production surged, with notable increases of 9 TWh in 1981, 13 TWh in 1983, and 9.5 TWh in 1989. However, this period also witnessed years of substantial setbacks, like the decline of 10.8 TWh in 1991. The pattern of expansion and contraction continued into the subsequent decades, particularly evident in the early 2000s, with the stark increases in 2000 and 2005 being countered by notable reductions in 2001 and 2003. Recent years have seen similar oscillations, with a marked increase of 16 TWh in 2020, again followed by a decline in 2022. These trends underscore the variability associated with hydroelectricity and reinforce the importance of diversifying into other steady low-carbon sources, such as nuclear, to ensure a robust and sustainable electricity supply for Norway's future needs.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources