Electricity in EU in 2024

As of 2024, the electricity landscape in the EU is predominantly shaped by low-carbon sources, which account for more than 73% of its electricity generation. Nuclear power stands as a major contributor within the low-carbon category, providing nearly 24% of the EU's electricity. The wind is also a significant player, contributing approximately 18%, while hydropower adds around 16%. Solar energy, though still behind some other low-carbon sources, makes up about 10% of the electricity mix. Fossil fuels, on the other hand, represent a smaller portion, comprising close to 25% of the electricity generation with gas and coal contributing around 14% and 10% respectively. The noticeable lean towards sustainable electricity signals a robust commitment to reducing climate change impacts linked to fossil fuel use.

Suggestions

To further amplify the EU's low-carbon electricity generation, expanding the current nuclear, wind, and solar sectors would be a strategic move. Successful examples from countries similar to the EU showcase the potential of this strategy. For instance, France generates a substantial 68% of its electricity from nuclear power, while Denmark leads with wind, achieving a staggering 59% wind contribution. These countries exemplify effective models for enhancing clean electricity production. The EU can adopt these practices by incentivizing technological advancements and facilitating infrastructure for increased nuclear, wind, and solar outputs. Not only would this expansion reduce reliance on fossil fuels significantly, but it also promises economic benefits, such as job creation in green sectors and energy cost predictability.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in the EU has seen varying phases of growth and change. In the 1980s, there was a remarkable acceleration in nuclear energy generation, with substantial annual increases such as the 102.9 TWh in 1984 and 113 TWh in 1985. These significant strides highlighted the potential of nuclear power to anchor a low-carbon electricity future. The forthcoming decades, however, saw fluctuations, with notable declines around 2009 and particularly in 2022 when nuclear suffered a reduction of 122.5 TWh. Nonetheless, recent years have witnessed resilience in other sectors, with 2023 marking an impressive wind power growth of 50.8 TWh, and in 2024, hydropower added a substantial 98.4 TWh to the grid. Despite these ebbs and flows, the broad trajectory reflects a strong and growing inclination toward sustainable electricity sources. This trend signifies an alignment with global aspirations for a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources