Electricity in Romania in 2024

Currently, Romania's electricity consumption reflects a promising shift towards low-carbon resources, with over 63% coming from clean sources. Hydropower and nuclear play leading roles in this transformation, contributing almost 27% and over 20% respectively. However, fossil fuels still account for about 32% of the country's electricity, with natural gas being the dominant fossil source at around 19%, followed by coal at 13%. Wind energy has also made a significant impact, providing nearly 12% of the electricity, while solar energy, though small, adds an important 4%. Although net imports account for a modest 4%, Romania continues to work towards reducing reliance on fossil fuels and increasing domestic low-carbon generation.

Suggestions

To bolster low-carbon electricity generation further, Romania can focus on expanding its robust nuclear sector and increasing its wind capacity. By looking at countries with similar energy portfolios, like Slovakia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria, where nuclear power generates a large proportion of electricity—between 42% and 60%—Romania could set ambitious targets to follow suit. For wind energy, learning from Denmark and Lithuania, which boast high wind penetration rates of 59% and 34% respectively, Romania can harness more of its wind potential. These strategies would not only help reduce the dust of harmful fossil fuels but also align with global efforts to combat the consequences of climate change through increased reliance on sustainable energy sources.

History

In the past, Romania's journey towards low-carbon electricity has seen dynamic shifts, particularly in hydropower and nuclear sectors. Throughout the late 1980s and 1990s, Romania experienced significant fluctuations in hydroelectric output, with notable increases in 1988 and 1995. However, during the early 2000s, hydroelectric generation faced declines. Conversely, the late 1990s saw a notable uptick in nuclear power with a 4 TWh increase in 1997, followed by an additional 3.5 TWh in 2008, showcasing Romania's commitment to expanding clean electricity options. Despite challenges over recent years, particularly with hydroelectric capacity due to natural variances, Romania has continuously evolved its low-carbon energy landscape to pave the way toward a cleaner, sustainable future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources