The Republic of China (Taiwan) currently relies significantly on fossil fuels, with almost 85% of its electricity derived from these sources. Gas contributes slightly less than half, around 48%, and coal accounts for a substantial part of the remainder at approximately 36%. This places a heavy burden on the environment and underscores the urgent need for diversification. Low-carbon energy sources, which include solar, wind, hydropower, and nuclear, contribute nearly 15% of the electricity mix. Solar and wind make up the largest segments within this clean category, with contributions of close to 5% and 4% respectively. Nuclear energy, despite its potential, accounts for a small fraction, only about 1.3%, demonstrating significant room for growth. Hydropower and other minor low-carbon sources contribute similarly small shares, highlighting Taiwan's reliance on fossil fuels over the past year, from December 2024 to November 2025.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, IEA and 能源統計專區. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Republic of China (Taiwan)?
When examining electricity consumption trends, it's concerning to note that overall consumption per person has slightly decreased, from a high of 12,443 kWh in 2024 to 12,414 kWh in 2025. This small drop suggests stagnation rather than growth, which is troubling given the global push towards expanded electrification. More alarming is the decline in low-carbon electricity generation, which saw a significant decrease, down from the earlier peak in 2013. This reduction of over 500 kWh per person compared to 2013 highlights the pressing need for Taiwan to revamp its energy strategy to increase clean energy adoption and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, which contribute to air pollution and climate change.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Taiwan can draw inspiration from regions with successful green energy programs. Countries like France and Slovakia derive a significant majority of their electricity from nuclear power, at 70% and 66% respectively, underscoring the potential of nuclear as a reliable clean energy source. Carbon-neutral success stories like Denmark and Iowa demonstrate the viability of wind power, contributing nearly 60% of their electricity. Furthermore, solar advancements in Nevada, where over 30% of electricity is solar-powered, point to significant untapped potential for solar energy in Taiwan. By investing in both nuclear and solar energy, Taiwan can drastically reduce its carbon footprint while securing a stable and sustainable energy future.
History
Throughout its history, Taiwan has experienced significant fluctuations in its low-carbon electricity generation, especially from nuclear energy. In the early 1980s, nuclear power was expanded significantly, contributing a substantial amount each year until stabilizing. However, the early 21st century saw considerable declines starting in 2001, with further reductions from 2015 onwards, especially noteworthy in 2017 and 2025. These downsizing trends in nuclear output are concerning as they undermine efforts to maintain a diverse and sustainable energy mix. At the same time, a marked increase in wind power began in 2024, demonstrating Taiwan's intent to diversify its clean energy avenues. However, to truly lead a sustainable energy transition, Taiwan must strategically bolster its investments in nuclear and solar energy, ensuring a more diversified and resilient low-carbon electricity generation portfolio.
