The current state of electricity consumption in the Philippines heavily relies on fossil fuels, with more than three-quarters of all electricity generated from these sources. Coal is the dominant fossil energy source, making up over three-fifths of the electricity mix. In contrast, low-carbon energy types, which include hydropower, geothermal, and solar, account for a bit more than one-fifth of the total electricity. Hydropower and geothermal are notable contributors to the low-carbon segment, with solar contributing a smaller portion. This reliance on fossil fuels, including coal and gas, raises concerns regarding climate change and air pollution, emphasizing the need to increase the share of low-carbon electricity.
Data sources used on this page include Ember, IEA and World Bank. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Philippines?
Electricity consumption in the Philippines is on the rise, as evidenced by the increase in per person electricity usage from 975 kWh in 2023 to 1,045 kWh in 2024, indicating growth of about 69 kWh per person. While overall electricity consumption is increasing, the share of low-carbon electricity has not reached its previous peak, with the latest figures showing a slight decrease from the record high in 2000. This decline in low-carbon electricity per person, which is now 231 kWh compared to the 2000 record of 244 kWh, is disappointing. The growth in electricity consumption must be paired with a stronger emphasis on clean sources to ensure sustainable development.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, the Philippines can take inspiration from regions that are successfully harnessing solar and nuclear energy. For example, countries such as France and Slovakia demonstrate the potential of nuclear power, where it constitutes more than half of the electricity mix. For solar energy, the Philippines can look to regions like Nevada and California, where solar constitutes 33% and 29% of the electricity generation, respectively. By capitalizing on solar potential given the sunny conditions, and considering nuclear as a stable source, the Philippines can significantly increase its low-carbon electricity share, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating environmental impacts.
History
Historically, the Philippines has seen varied developments in low-carbon electricity generation. In the late 1990s, there was significant growth in geothermal energy, particularly in 1998 and 1999. However, the early 1990s and the subsequent decade were marked by fluctuations in hydropower generation, including notable setbacks in 1991, 1997, and 2007. The 2010s witnessed some progress with the introduction of solar energy in 2016, and recent data from 2024 shows positive momentum with increased solar capacity. Despite past challenges, the potential for growth in clean energy sources remains vast, and further investments can spur sustainable development.
