Electricity in Turkey in 2023/2024

Currently, electricity consumption in Turkey is primarily driven by fossil energy sources, which account for more than half of the total electricity generation. Specifically, coal and gas together make up around 52%, with coal alone providing over a third of the electricity. In contrast, low-carbon energy sources contribute nearly half of Turkey's electricity, highlighting the growing importance of clean energy. Hydropower leads among the low-carbon sources with more than a fifth of the total electricity, followed by wind and solar, which together provide almost one-fifth. Geothermal and biofuels provide close to none when compared individually to other sources, yet still play a part in the country's cleaner energy mix. These figures reflect energy consumption patterns from December 2023 through November 2024.

Suggestions

To further enhance the share of low-carbon electricity, Turkey could look at strengthening its wind power capacity, given its already significant contribution. Observing Denmark, where wind energy contributes an impressive 59% of electricity, could offer valuable insights into maximizing wind's potential. Additionally, expanding nuclear energy should be a priority as well, similar to France's strategy where nuclear accounts for 68% of electricity generation. For Turkey, following the examples of European neighbors like Slovakia and Ukraine, where nuclear energy contributes 60% and 55% respectively, may prove beneficial. Solar power should also continue to be developed, as evidenced by Greece and Chile, where solar covers 22% of electricity generation, demonstrating significant potential for sunny regions in Turkey.

History

Turkey's history of low-carbon electricity generation showcases both periods of growth and challenges. Since the late 1980s, hydropower has experienced several notable fluctuations, with significant increases in certain years like 1988, 2002, and 2019. However, these have been interspersed with considerable declines, as observed in years like 1989, 2014, and 2021. The recent introduction and significant growth in solar power as of 2024 indicates a promising diversification in Turkey's clean energy landscape. Despite the fluctuations in hydropower, the consistent focus on boosting capacity, along with the initiation of solar projects, signifies a positive direction towards a more sustainable energy future. These efforts reflect Turkey's ongoing commitment to enhancing its low-carbon electricity generation capacity.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources