Sweden stands as a global beacon of low-carbon electricity utilization, harnessing almost all its electricity—around 99%—from clean sources. With a robust energy mix, hydropower leads the way, contributing slightly over 40% of the electricity, followed by nuclear energy which provides about 27%. Wind power has also carved its niche, accounting for a quarter of the nation's electricity supply, while biofuels add almost 5% and solar, 2%. This impressive commitment to clean electricity not only satisfies domestic demand but also positions Sweden as a net exporter of green electricity, aiding neighboring regions in reducing their fossil fuel reliance. As the country pushes forward, the next monumental task lies in expanding electricity consumption to electrify sectors like transport, heating, and industry, all crucial for a sustainable future.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, IEA and World Bank. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Sweden?
Despite its accomplishments, Sweden's electricity consumption has trended downward, a point of concern. The latest figure of approximately 15,347 kWh per person is noticeably lower than the peak consumption of 18,167 kWh per person observed in 2001. This decline of nearly 2,820 kWh per person hints at a worrying decrease in energy demand. The landscape of low-carbon electricity generation mirrors this trend, with current figures falling short of the 2001 peak by about 2,272 kWh per person. Such data underscore the urgency to rejuvenate growth in electricity consumption and generation, both crucial to meet future demands and continue setting an example of low-carbon leadership.
Suggestions
To boost Sweden's admirable low-carbon electricity generation further, expanding nuclear and wind energy capacities presents a cogent pathway. Given their established roles in the Swedish energy fabric, amplifying these sectors can significantly enhance the country’s clean electricity potential. Investing in new nuclear technologies and scaling up wind farms will consolidate Sweden's status as a low-carbon pioneer while meeting increased electricity demands necessary for a comprehensive electrification of society. In tandem, solar energy should not be overlooked, as its inclusion in the energy mix will foster diversification and add resilience. This strategic focus will not only meet domestic needs but also reinforce Sweden's position as a clean energy ally to its neighbors.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Sweden exhibits remarkable shifts, particularly in the nuclear and hydropower sectors. The early 1980s saw significant growth in nuclear energy, with notable spikes in 1981 and 1986, increasing generation by over 11 TWh each year. However, the 1990s and early 2000s exposed vulnerabilities with troubling declines, notably in 1992, 2000, and 2009, each losing substantial ground. In contrast, hydropower showed both instances of significant decreases and gains, with crucial rebounds in the late 1990s, particularly 1997, and sporadic recoveries throughout the early 2000s and the 2010s. Despite these fluctuations, Sweden’s steadfast advancement in low-carbon electricity remains admirable, though the past underscores an imperative for investment and innovation in these key areas to secure a clean energy future.
