Electricity in Portugal in 2023

In 2023, Portugal's electricity consumption is heavily influenced by low-carbon energy sources, which contribute more than half of the total supply. Low-carbon energy sources, such as wind and hydropower, account for approximately 24% and 20% of electricity generation, respectively. Solar power provides about 8% and biofuels add nearly 7%. Conversely, fossil fuels, predominantly gas, constitute around 22% of the electricity mix. Net imports make up almost 19% of the total, highlighting Portugal's partial reliance on external sources for its electricity needs.

Suggestions

To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Portugal can expand its existing wind energy capacity, leveraging the significant contribution already observed from this source. Learning from countries with successful low-carbon strategies, particularly in nuclear energy, could provide valuable insights. For instance, France generates about 65% of its electricity from nuclear power, and Slovakia and Ukraine also have notable contributions at 62% and 55% respectively. Additionally, Denmark's impressive 53% of wind energy contribution is a compelling model for Portugal to consider for further expansion. By integrating these successful practices, Portugal can significantly reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and net imports, promoting a more sustainable and self-sufficient electricity grid.

History

Portugal's history of low-carbon electricity generation shows a series of fluctuations in hydropower output. During the late 20th century, hydropower experienced several years of notable declines, such as in 1989, 1992, and 1999. However, these instances were interspersed with significant increases, including a notable rise in 1996 and 2003. The early 21st century continued this trend, with prominent increases in 2006 and 2010, followed by similarly impactful declines in 2011 and 2012. The most recent years have seen continued variability, with a substantial increase in 2013 and another notable rise in 2018, despite occasional drop-offs such as in 2015 and 2022. This historical pattern underscores the importance of diversifying the low-carbon energy mix, incorporating more consistent sources like wind and potentially nuclear, for a more stable and green electricity supply in Portugal.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources