In Poland, over the last twelve months from November 2024 to October 2025, a significant portion of electricity generation still relies heavily on fossil fuels, with more than half of it, approximately 66.6%, being produced from fossil energy like coal and gas. Coal alone accounts for a substantial share, at around 52%, while gas contributes about 12.9% to the fossil fuel portion. Meanwhile, low-carbon or clean energy, which altogether comprises roughly 32.9% of the electricity generation, presents a hopeful avenue for the future. Wind energy stands out within the clean energy mix, making up about 15.6% of the total electricity, and solar energy closely follows with almost 11.9%. Although hydropower and biofuels contribute relatively smaller portions, at 1.3% and 4% respectively, they are part of the collective push towards low-carbon electricity.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, ENTSOE, Eurostat, IEA and World Bank. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Poland?
In terms of electricity consumption, Poland is experiencing a noteworthy decline. The latest figures from 2025 indicate a consumption of 4166 kWh per person, which is a decrease of 429 kWh compared to the previous record high observed in 2018. This shows a downturn that could signal challenges in meeting growing demands or an effective reduction in energy waste. However, on an optimistic note, the realm of low-carbon electricity generation tells a slightly different story. The latest amount of low-carbon electricity consumed is 1370 kWh per person, a record increase from 2024 with a growth of 96 kWh per person. This uptick in low-carbon electricity generation is promising and suggests that Poland is indeed making efforts to transition towards greener sources of electricity though the overall consumption decline remains a concern.
Suggestions
To bolster low-carbon electricity generation, Poland should focus on expanding its already existing wind and solar capacities. These technologies have proven effective in the country and are befitting candidates for further expansion. Looking at successful models, Poland could learn from countries like Denmark and Iowa which have successfully harnessed wind power, generating roughly 49% and 60% of their electricity from wind, respectively. Furthermore, adopting nuclear energy, as seen in France and Slovakia, where it accounts for about two-thirds of the generation, could significantly increase Poland’s clean electricity share. By strategically investing in wind, solar, and nuclear energy, Poland can have a substantial impact on reducing its fossil fuel dependency while securing a sustainable and clean energy future.
History
A historical analysis of low-carbon electricity development in Poland reveals a timeline of progress and setbacks. Notably, biofuels saw an increase in 2009 by 1.6 TWh and reached a peak in 2012 with a 2.5 TWh increase. Wind energy emerged as a robust contributor starting in 2014, with substantial increases in 2015 and 2017 with gains of 3.2 TWh and 2.3 TWh, and most recently a remarkable surge in 2023, adding 4.1 TWh. However, there have been fluctuating phases, such as temporary declines in 2018 with wind dropping by 2.1 TWh. Solar power began to make a notable impact from 2021 onwards, exhibiting a consistent upward trajectory each year, with the most significant increase of 4.1 TWh in 2025. These developments underscore the potential of wind and solar as pivotal components in Poland’s low-carbon strategy over the years, aligning with our advocacy for green energy expansion.
