Slovakia is an impressive example of a nation leading the transition to low-carbon electricity. Over 86% of its electricity comes from clean sources, such as nuclear and hydropower, with nuclear alone contributing to over 60% and hydropower providing about 16%. Fossil fuels account for a small portion, less than 14%, with gas making up the highest share of fossil sources. Moreover, Slovakia’s role as a significant net exporter of electricity further underscores its commitment to environmental sustainability, as it aids neighboring countries in reducing their carbon emissions through clean electricity imports. As Slovakia moves forward, electrifying other sectors like transport, heating, and industry will demand an increase in electricity generation, further highlighting the importance of expanding its low-carbon infrastructure.
Is Electricity Growing in Slovakia?
When examining electricity consumption trends, there is cause for concern. Slovakia's latest per-person electricity consumption is around 5,315 kWh, which falls short of its previous record from 2002 by 715 kWh. On the other hand, generation of low-carbon electricity per person has reached a new peak, with a slight increase from last year's record. This slight growth, though positive, highlights a challenge: while the consumption of clean energy is improving, overall electricity consumption is not on an upward trajectory. This stagnation might undermine efforts to fully electrify other sectors for a sustainable future.
Suggestions
To meet future demands, Slovakia can further enhance its low-carbon electricity generation by expanding its existing nuclear facilities. Given that nuclear power already plays a significant role in the nation's electricity mix, further investment in nuclear infrastructure would be a pragmatic approach. Additionally, embracing solar power could provide a solid complement to the existing low-carbon sources, ensuring a robust and diversified energy portfolio. Investing in these technologies is crucial for increasing the electricity supply necessary for broader electrification and meeting the nation’s long-term sustainable energy goals.
History
Historically, Slovakia’s journey in low-carbon electricity has been characterized by periods of significant growth and some challenges. In the mid-1980s, nuclear power saw a substantial increase, and the trend continued into the late 1990s and early 2000s with notable growth, particularly in 2000. However, the mid-2000s brought setbacks with nuclear declines, notably in 2007 and again in 2009, which are concerning given the need for consistent clean energy capacity. More recently, in 2023, there was a commendable resurgence in both nuclear and hydroelectric power output. Slovakia's ability to rebound with substantive growth in recent years reflects a positive outlook, contingent upon continued investment and expansion in its low-carbon energy infrastructure.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.