Electricity in Slovakia in 2023

Slovakia has made remarkable strides in transitioning to low-carbon electricity, with over 84% of its electricity now derived from clean sources. The bulk of this electricity, nearly two-thirds, comes from nuclear power, while hydropower contributes around 16%. In contrast, fossil fuels account for a little over 15% of electricity generation, with gas being the primary fossil fuel source at about 8%, followed by biofuels at slightly over 5%, and coal at about 5%. Additionally, Slovakia contributes to lower global emissions by being a significant net exporter of electricity to its neighboring countries. Looking ahead, Slovakia aims to electrify other sectors like transport, heating, and industry, which will necessitate an increased supply of electricity.

Suggestions

To further bolster its low-carbon electricity generation, Slovakia should consider expanding its existing nuclear power capabilities. Given that nuclear power already generates the majority of Slovakia's low-carbon electricity, investing in this area makes strategic sense. Additionally, growth in solar energy, which currently makes up a small fraction of electricity generation, could also play a meaningful role. Focusing on these sources will help Slovakia meet future electricity demands while continuing to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and minimizing the negative impacts of climate change and air pollution.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Slovakia shows periods of significant growth, particularly in nuclear power. In the late 1980s, specifically in 1986, nuclear electricity generation increased by 2.3 TWh. The early 1990s saw further growth, with nuclear power increasing by 1.1 TWh in 1994, and hydroelectric power rising by 1.5 TWh in 1993 and 0.7 TWh in 1994. There was a notable decline in nuclear power in 1995 by 1.2 TWh, but 1999 and 2000 marked recoveries with increases of 1.7 TWh and 3.4 TWh, respectively. The early 2000s featured some fluctuations, including a significant contraction in 2007 by 2.7 TWh. However, the late 2010s and early 2020s present a more optimistic picture, with nuclear increasing by 2.4 TWh and hydro by 0.9 TWh in 2023 alone. These trends highlight the potential and resilience of Slovakia’s low-carbon technologies.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources