Electricity in Bulgaria in 2023

In 2023, Bulgaria's electricity consumption is dominated by low-carbon sources, which contribute to more than half—roughly 60%—of the country's power supply. Foremost in this group is nuclear energy, which is responsible for almost 41% of electricity generation. Other clean sources such as solar and hydropower each contributes around 8%, while wind lags behind with a close-to-4% stake. In contrast, fossil fuels, primarily coal and gas, account for approximately 40% of electricity generation—with an emphasis on coal, which by itself fuels slightly over a third of the country's energy use.

Suggestions

Increasing low-carbon electricity generation in Bulgaria might entail growing already established channels, like nuclear energy. As demonstrated by the near two-thirds figure in France or the 61% in Slovakia, nuclear power has the potential to be a prevailing source of clean energy. Given its substantial present contribution, expansion of existing nuclear facilities could lead to a significant leap forward. In addition, the success of wind energy in countries such as Denmark where it accounts for 59% of electricity generation, or Ireland with 35%, illustrates the feasibility of broadening this sector as well. Taking a cue from these countries could help Bulgaria ramp up its own wind energy production, thereby making its power mix more green and sustainable.

History

The journey of low-carbon electricity in Bulgaria has been marked by numerous twists and turns, with nuclear playing a significant role throughout the timeline. In the 1980s, strides were made in nuclear power, with notable increases in its generation in years like 1981, 1983, and 1988. However, after a brief setback in the early 1990s, the sector rebounded, experiencing shifts in both directions until the late 2000s. The most notable slump occurred in 2007 with a significant decrease. Hydropower also saw fluctuations in the 21st century, while there was a decline in biofuels generation by 2.4 TWh in 2023. Despite some setbacks, the country has continued to persevere in its commitment to low-carbon energy, especially seen in its continued investment in nuclear power.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources