Electricity in Hungary in 2023

In 2023, Hungary's electricity consumption demonstrates a noteworthy shift toward low-carbon sources. Low-carbon energy accounts for more than half of the country's electricity, with nuclear energy alone contributing almost 34%. Solar energy is also significant, providing 14% of the electricity. Fossil fuels make up nearly 23% of the power supply, with natural gas at 16% being the dominant fossil source, while coal adds another 6%. Interestingly, the country relies on net imports for approximately 24% of its electricity, which suggests that domestic production could be further optimized. Wind and biofuels contribute smaller shares, approximately 1% and 4% respectively, but they still represent critical parts of the low-carbon mix in Hungary.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Hungary could look into expanding its nuclear and solar capacities, given that these technologies already contribute significantly. By learning from nuclear-driven countries like France, where 65% of electricity comes from nuclear, and Slovakia, where it contributes 62%, Hungary can enhance its nuclear infrastructure for greater reliability and efficiency. Similarly, successful implementations of wind energy in countries such as Denmark and Ireland, with more than 30% of their electricity from wind, provide valuable models. Adopting advanced technologies and policies from these countries could significantly increase Hungary's low-carbon electricity, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and imports.

History

Hungary’s history of low-carbon electricity reveals a strong focus on nuclear energy, which saw substantial growth during the 1980s. Particularly notable were the periods from 1983 to 1988, where each year witnessed significant increases, peaking with a 3.6 TWh rise in 1987. However, 2003 marked a severe setback with a 2.9 TWh decline in nuclear generation. This decline was quickly counteracted in subsequent years, with gradual increases again resuming from 2004 onward. Solar energy has also seen promising developments, especially in recent years, marked by consistent annual growth starting in 2019 and culminating in a near 2 TWh increase in 2023. These developments emphasize Hungary's ongoing commitment to low-carbon electricity and signify a positive trajectory for the future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources