Electricity in Spain in 2024

Spain has made a remarkable achievement in its electricity sector by sourcing more than 82% of its electricity from low-carbon sources. The mix predominantly includes wind, nuclear, hydropower, and solar energy, each contributing almost a fifth to the clean energy share. Specifically, wind energy accounts for about 23%, nuclear provides 20%, hydropower contributes 19%, and solar energy supplies an additional 18%. This impressive drive towards a clean electricity grid shows Spain's commitment to sustainable practices. However, slightly under 18% of electricity generation still comes from fossil fuels, with gas being the primary contributor. Minimizing fossil energy reliance is crucial as Spain embarks on further electrification to decarbonize transport, heating, and industry sectors.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation capability, Spain should focus on scaling up its existing nuclear, wind, and solar installations. Given the consistent and reliable base load that nuclear energy provides, it's essential to consider expanding this facility further. Additionally, the continued build-out of wind farms can harness Spain's favorable weather conditions for wind energy generation. Solar power, too, presents a significant opportunity for growth, especially in Spain's sunnier regions. By strengthening these areas, Spain can meet the anticipated increase in electricity demand while continuing to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

History

Historically, Spain's journey toward low-carbon electricity has seen ups and downs. In the early 1980s, there were substantial upgrades in both hydro and nuclear capabilities, albeit with several declines in hydroelectric output in subsequent years. The late 1990s and early 2000s marked another period of notable hydroelectric energy increases, although punctuated by declines in certain years. Recently, the significant growth in solar energy, particularly the increase observed in 2023, indicates Spain's commitment to diversifying its clean energy portfolio. Notably, the expansion of solar energy offers a path toward robust, low-carbon growth. The overall volatility in hydroelectric power generation highlights the need for stable and reliable low-carbon sources such as nuclear power, underscoring its importance in Spain's energy mix.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources