Austria has shown remarkable progress in its clean electricity generation, boasting that over 80% of its electricity comes from low-carbon sources. This significant achievement is primarily due to the country's reliance on hydropower, which accounts for more than half of the electricity supply at 56%. Wind energy also contributes substantially, making up almost 13%, while solar power and biofuels provide additional clean energy with roughly 8% and 4% respectively. On the other hand, fossil fuels, primarily gas, still account for close to 12% of electricity consumption. In addition, Austria imports about 6.5% of its electricity. As Austria advances, the focus is shifting towards electrifying other sectors, such as transport, heating, and industry, which will accentuate the need for increased electricity generation.
Is Electricity Growing in Austria?
However, recent data reflect a concerning trend in electricity consumption in Austria. The latest figures for 2025 show a decrease in per capita electricity consumption, now at 7418 kWh per person, which is lower compared to the 2012 record of 8943 kWh per person. This represents a significant decline of around 1500 kWh per person. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation per capita has also decreased, from the 2024 record of 7415 kWh per person to 6052 kWh in 2025, a reduction of approximately 1300 kWh. These declines suggest that Austria needs to bolster its efforts to expand clean electricity production to cater to future demand, especially as electrification of various sectors is essential for a sustainable energy transition.
Suggestions
To meet its clean energy needs and counter the decline in electricity generation, Austria should consider expanding its existing low-carbon infrastructures. The country already has a considerable capacity for wind power, and investing in this technology can help increase its clean electricity share. Additionally, Austria should consider embracing solar and nuclear expansions, as these offer reliable, green, and sustainable options. By focusing on these low-carbon technologies, Austria can ensure a robust and steady increase in electricity supply, supporting both domestic demand and the broader transition to a low-carbon economy.
History
Historically, Austria has experienced various fluctuations in its hydropower generation. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, hydroelectricity increased with significant boosts, such as the 4.5 TWh increase in 1977 and the 3.1 TWh increase by 1979, followed by a major leap of 4.9 TWh in 1987. The 1990s and early 2000s saw further growth, buoyed by a 3.5 TWh spike in 1999. However, the decline in 2003 by 6.7 TWh was markedly unfavorable. A notable surge occurred in 2012 with an increase of 10 TWh, but the following years were marked by inconsistency, leading to a recent 6.2 TWh drop in 2025. Solar electricity generation also witnessed a fall in the same year. To sustain growth, Austria should prioritize stable, clean energy sources such as nuclear and solar, while continuing to develop hydroelectric infrastructure.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.