In 2025, Croatia's electricity consumption is primarily sourced from low-carbon and clean energy, which constitutes more than half of the total electricity mix. Hydropower plays a significant role among these low-carbon sources, providing almost a third of Croatia's electricity. Wind energy also contributes a substantial portion, closely followed by solar and biofuels. Nearly a third of electricity comes from net imports, indicating a reliance on external sources. Fossil fuels, comprising gas and coal, form a relatively small portion, supplying about 16% of the country's electricity, thereby posing concerns due to their environmental impact.
Data sources used on this page include ENTSOE and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Croatia?
Recent data reveals a slight growth in electricity consumption in Croatia. The per capita consumption in 2025 is 5,217 kWh, showing a modest increase from the previous year's 5,149 kWh. However, this growth occurs in tandem with a decline in low-carbon electricity generation per person from its peak in 2023. This decrease, by about 231 kWh, highlights a worrying trend that requires immediate attention, especially in the context of the pressing need to combat climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Croatia should prioritize the expansion of its wind energy infrastructure, as it already plays a vital role in the energy mix. Additionally, Croatia can learn from regions where solar power has been successfully integrated, such as North Macedonia and Lebanon, where nearly half of their electricity is solar-derived. Moreover, the strong performance of nuclear energy in nearby countries like Slovakia and Slovenia illustrates the potential benefits of this powerful and constant energy source. By diversifying into nuclear and solar, Croatia can ensure a cleaner, more sustainable, and secure electricity future.
History
Throughout its history, Croatia's low-carbon electricity generation, particularly from hydropower, has experienced fluctuations. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there were alternating periods of rise and decline. From 2004 onward, the pattern of fluctuations continued, with notable highs in 2013 and 2023. This inconsistency highlights the importance of diversifying energy sources to ensure stability and reliability in electricity supply. Moving forward, Croatia should focus on consistent investment in nuclear and solar energy to achieve a balanced and low-impact energy mix.
