In 2025, Czechia has made significant progress in transitioning to low-carbon electricity sources, with more than half of its electricity coming from clean energy. Nuclear power plays a crucial role, contributing over 40% to the total electricity generation, making it the dominant low-carbon source. Solar energy is starting to make its mark with almost 7% in the energy mix. While fossil fuels still account for just above 38% of electricity production, coal remains a major player at a third of the total, which poses concerns for climate change and air pollution. Gas and biofuels play a smaller role, contributing around 5% and 4% respectively. Hydropower and other unspecified renewables add a modest but important slice to the low-carbon mix, together totaling about 7%.
Data sources used on this page include Energy Institute, ENTSOE, Eurostat and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Czechia?
Despite these advances in low-carbon generation, overall electricity consumption in Czechia is on a downward trend. The latest figure in 2025 is about 6,567 kWh per person, a significant drop from the 2007 peak of 8,532 kWh per person, marking a decrease of nearly 2,000 kWh per person. This is particularly concerning given the increasing importance of electrification in modern economies. However, a silver lining is the growth in low-carbon generation, reaching 4,018 kWh per person, just over 100 kWh more than the previous record in 2019. This suggests a positive shift towards cleaner energy sources amid an overall decline in electricity consumption.
Suggestions
To further increase low-carbon electricity generation, Czechia should focus on expanding its existing nuclear infrastructure, which has already proven to be a substantial contributor to the nation's clean energy output. Additionally, Czechia can learn from countries like France and Slovakia, where nuclear energy comprises a large portion of the electricity mix, at 70% and 66% respectively. Furthermore, integrating more solar and wind energy by taking cues from regions like Nevada and California, which have successfully increased their solar capacity significantly, can offer a dual-path for enhanced sustainability. By mimicking these successful models, Czechia not only boosts its low-carbon generation but also further mitigates the detrimental impacts of fossil fuels.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Czechia reveals periods of significant expansion, especially in nuclear energy. The late 1980s saw a steady increase in nuclear power, with substantial jumps in 1986 and 1987 and into the early 2000s. However, there were worrying declines within the 2010s, notably in 2015 and 2016, which highlighted the need for consistent policy and investment support. Fortunately, the recent years have shown recovery and growth, with nuclear energy seeing an upswing in 2025 by an additional 2.2 TWh. Solar energy has also made strides, notably in 2011 and more recently in 2024 and 2025, indicating a promising direction for future energy diversification and environmental responsibility.
