Electricity in Italy in 2024

In 2024, Italy's electricity consumption is significantly supported by low-carbon energy, which makes up nearly 44% of its electricity generation. Among these, hydropower is a notable contributor with around 20% share. Solar energy, which provides about 10%, is also a key component, while wind energy contributes over 8%. Biofuels and geothermal sources make up smaller shares, close to 3% and 2% respectively. On the other hand, fossil fuels, including gas and coal, account for about 39% of the electricity mix, with gas being the dominant fossil source at 35%. Net imports add approximately 12% to the total electricity supply, showcasing Italy's reliance on energy sources beyond its borders. The integration of green energy is crucial in reducing the impact of fossil fuels, which are known for their detrimental effects on climate and air quality.

Suggestions

To further increase low-carbon electricity generation, Italy can expand existing solar capabilities. Observing countries like Greece and Chile, with each achieving around 22% of their electricity from solar energy, could provide valuable insights. Italy could aim to emulate these methods in scaling solar infrastructure. Additionally, nuclear energy, a stable and substantial source of low-carbon electricity, can be explored further. Nations like France, which generates an impressive 68% of its electricity from nuclear power, and Slovakia at 60%, serve as promising examples of the effectiveness of nuclear energy. Although Italy historically phased out nuclear power, re-evaluating this stance could contribute positively to achieving a robust and sustainable energy mix.

History

Looking into Italy's history of low-carbon electricity, hydroelectric power has seen both ups and downs. Notable increases occurred in 1977 and most recently in 2024, adding considerable capacity each time. However, certain periods like 1989, 2002, and 2022 witnessed significant declines. Solar energy saw remarkable growth in the early 2010s, with increases in generation around 9 TWh in 2011 and 8 TWh in 2012, reflecting substantial investment and adoption. A decline in biofuels was observed in 2024, highlighting the potential to refocus efforts on more impactful green energy sources. The abrupt cessation of nuclear energy post-1987, a considerable loss of nearly 9 TWh, depicts an opportunity lost for sustainable electricity generation. Reassessing nuclear as part of Italy’s low-carbon energy strategy could bolster clean electricity production, aligning with global best practices.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources