Electricity in Italy in 2023

In Italy, the current state of electricity consumption in 2023 shows a split between fossil fuels and low-carbon sources. Fossil fuels, including gas, coal, and oil, make up nearly half of the electricity mix, with gas alone accounting for about 37%. Low-carbon energy sources, which include hydropower, solar, wind, biofuels, and geothermal, contribute around 37% of the total electricity generation. Among these, hydro (12%), solar (10%), and wind (7%) are the top contributors. Additionally, imported electricity accounts for over 16% of Italy's consumption, further underscoring the nation's dependency on external sources.

Suggestions

Increasing Italy's low-carbon electricity generation can benefit from looking at the successful practices of other countries. France and Slovakia, for instance, generate more than 60% of their electricity from nuclear power, showcasing the potential of this clean and reliable energy source. Similarly, Denmark and Uruguay have excelled in wind energy, with more than half and over a third of their electricity generated from wind, respectively. By adopting a strategic mix of these technologies, Italy could significantly reduce its reliance on fossil fuels. Addressing infrastructure and regulatory barriers to nuclear power, while also investing in and expanding wind and solar installations, can set Italy on a greener path.

History

Italy has a mixed history regarding low-carbon electricity generation. In the late 1970s and 1980s, hydroelectric power saw fluctuations, with gains in 1977 and 1991 but significant declines in other years. A crucial turning point occurred in 1987 with a substantial reduction in nuclear electricity generation, marking a retreat from this clean energy source. The 2000s brought an inconsistent pattern in hydroelectric output, despite some gains in specific years like 2008 and 2009. More recently, the early 2010s witnessed a surge in solar power, highlighted by notable annual increases in 2011 and 2012. Hydropower remains variable, with significant declines in certain years but a positive rebound in 2023. To achieve a stable and sustainable low-carbon future, Italy must learn from these historical trends and harness the full potential of nuclear, solar, and wind energy.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources