Over the past twelve months, from June 2025 to May 2026, Luxembourg's electricity consumption has heavily depended on net imports, contributing to slightly more than 64% of the total electricity consumed. Clean or low-carbon electricity sources make up a significant portion of the domestic generation, standing at more than 33%. Among the low-carbon sources, hydropower has the highest share at about 13%, followed by wind at around 9%, and then solar, contributing close to 8%. Biofuels account for a small 4% of the total electricity. On the other hand, fossil fuels make up a mere 2% of the country's electricity generation, which is a promising indicator of Luxembourg's commitment to reducing its fossil fuel dependency and focusing on cleaner energy sources.

Is Electricity Growing in Luxembourg?

Regarding electricity growth, Luxembourg has experienced a decline in recent years. The current electricity consumption of 7852 kWh per person in 2026 represents a sharp decrease from the peak recorded in 2010, where it was 17048 kWh per person, highlighting a decrease of 9197 kWh per person. Low-carbon electricity generation has also seen a decrease; the 2026 figure of 2634 kWh per person is lower than the 2024 record of 3861 kWh, marking a drop of 1228 kWh per person. This trend raises concerns about the country's ability to meet increasing electricity demand from electrification and innovations like artificial intelligence. There is a clear need for Luxembourg to not only halt this decline but to initiate a growth trajectory in its electricity generation, particularly focusing on sustainable low-carbon sources.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation capacity, Luxembourg can draw inspiration from other regions with successful transitions to cleaner energies. Countries like France and Slovakia, which have robust nuclear energy programs generating more than 65% of their electricity from nuclear, exemplify the potential of nuclear as a reliable and constant electricity source. Additionally, regions like Nevada and California showcase strong solar programs, with solar contributions to electricity exceeding 30%. Denmark's lead in generating 60% of its electricity from wind energy can also serve as a model for expanding wind capacity. By investing in similar technologies, Luxembourg can gradually increase its domestic low-carbon generation, diversify its energy sources, and reduce reliance on imports, all while contributing positively to environmental goals.

History

In examining historical trends, Luxembourg's journey with low-carbon electricity reflects meaningful strides, though with some fluctuations. Throughout the 1990s, changes in hydropower production varied, with increases in 1990, 1994, and 1995, and drops in the subsequent years, particularly in 1999. The early 21st century saw modest but consistent gains, such as small increases in hydroelectricity in 2000, 2002, and again in 2010. More recently, wind energy developments have shown positive movement, notably with an increase in generation in 2017 and again in 2023. The introduction of solar energy, marked by a notable increase in 2024, illustrates Luxembourg's openness to diversifying its energy mix. Despite these efforts, setbacks like the significant reduction in hydropower seen in 2025 demonstrate challenges that must be overcome to secure a stable and growing low-carbon electricity future for the nation. Collectively, these patterns indicate an ongoing transition but underscore an urgent call for sustained advancements and investments in Luxemburg’s clean energy endeavor.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

* 12M = Last 12 months (Jun 2025 – May 2026) — a rolling 12-month period, not a calendar year.