Over the last year, from August 2024 to July 2025, electricity consumption in Luxembourg has been predominantly dependent on net imports, accounting for over 72% of the total. Low-carbon sources, which include wind, solar, biofuels, and hydropower, collectively contribute around 26% to the national electricity mix. Individually, wind energy accounts for nearly 9%, solar follows closely with just over 8%, biofuels contribute around 8%, and hydropower adds a modest 1.6%. Fossil fuels, particularly gas, play a minimal role, making up slightly over 1% of electricity generation. This data reflects Luxembourg's strong reliance on imported electricity despite a noteworthy effort to integrate clean energy sources into its supply.
Is Electricity Growing in Luxembourg?
Recent trends indicate a worrying decline in electricity consumption per person in Luxembourg. The latest data shows a per capita electricity consumption of 7082 kWh, a significant decrease from the 2010 record of 17048 kWh. This denotes a reduction of almost 10,000 kWh per person. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation per person has dwindled, with a current figure of 1864 kWh as opposed to 3153 kWh back in 2010, marking a decrease of around 1300 kWh. This decline in both overall consumption and low-carbon generation is concerning, especially in the context of advancing technology and the increasing importance of sustainable energy sources.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Luxembourg could look to regions that have successfully integrated clean energy sources. France's impressive achievement of generating almost 70% of its electricity from nuclear energy showcases the potential of nuclear power. Similarly, Denmark and Iowa serve as excellent examples in the field of wind energy, with each generating around 60% of their electricity from wind. Luxembourg could take inspiration from these countries to expand its nuclear and wind sectors. Additionally, Lebanon and Nevada's emphasis on solar energy, contributing 31% and 29% respectively, could guide Luxembourg in increasing its solar capacity. Embracing these strategies not only diversifies energy sources but also strengthens the clean energy infrastructure essential for future energy demands.
History
Delving into Luxembourg's history of low-carbon electricity, hydroelectric power has seen fluctuations over the decades. In the early 1990s, hydro production slightly rose but saw declines later in the decade, notably in 1999 and 2000. The early 2000s recorded sporadic changes, with significant increases in 2003 and 2010, yet major declines followed as seen in 2011. In recent years, Luxembourg diversified its clean electricity mix, adding wind energy in 2017, biofuels in 2020, and solar in 2022. There have been slight increases in these sources, with wind energy growing again in 2023. Though biofuels saw a decrease in 2025, Luxembourg's effort to explore diverse low-carbon sources is evident, though falling short of the expansion required to make a stronger impact.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.