Electricity in French Guiana in 2021

As of 2021, French Guiana sources almost 70% of its electricity from low-carbon energy, which is significantly higher than the global average. The lion's share of this clean energy comes from hydropower, making up roughly 58% of the total electricity mix. Solar energy contributes almost 6%, and biofuels add close to 5%. Conversely, fossil fuels still account for about 31% of French Guiana’s electricity consumption. This reliance on fossil energy is concerning, given its implications for climate change and air pollution, highlighting the need for further investment in low-carbon technologies.

Suggestions

To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, French Guiana can look to successful examples from other countries. France, for instance, generates 67% of its electricity from nuclear power, demonstrating the potential of this reliable and clean energy source. Denmark excels in wind energy, with about 61% of its electricity coming from wind turbines. Uruguay and Ireland are also notable for their substantial wind energy contributions, at 36% and 34%, respectively. By investing in both nuclear and wind energy, French Guiana can diversify its low-carbon energy portfolio and significantly reduce its dependency on fossil fuels.

History

Historically, French Guiana’s low-carbon electricity generation has primarily revolved around hydropower. In the early 2000s, this sector experienced fluctuations, with minor changes of 0.1 TWh up or down in several years. Notable declines occurred in 2003, 2007, and 2009, offset by increases in subsequent years like 2004, 2006, and 2010. Solar energy made its initial entry in 2011 with no notable change, but its share has grown more significant since. By the end of the decade, hydroelectric generation stabilized, and a positive increment of 0.1 TWh was seen in 2021. Furthermore, biofuels entered the energy mix, also in 2021, marking a new milestone in diversifying the clean energy sources for the region. This focus on low-carbon electricity has been an essential step for French Guiana, and it sets a foundation for further advances in green energy technologies.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources