In 2022, French Guiana's electricity generation was predominantly low-carbon, with more than 70% of its electricity coming from clean sources. Hydropower was the major contributor, accounting for over 60% of total electricity generation. Solar and biofuels each contributed almost a tenth of the total, emphasizing the country's commitment to sustainable practices. However, fossil fuels still played a significant role, supplying nearly 30% of the electricity, which indicates room for improvement in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change impacts.
Data sources used on this page include Ember. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in French Guiana?
Despite the high proportion of low-carbon electricity, French Guiana has experienced a decrease in per capita electricity consumption compared to its historical peak. In 2022, the average person consumed around 3290 kWh, showcasing a decline from a high of 3662 kWh in 2012. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation per person has also decreased from its peak in 2006 of 2607 kWh to 2347 kWh in 2022. This downward trend is concerning, as it suggests a lack of growth in sustainable electricity generation, which is vital for meeting future demands.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, French Guiana can look to other successful regions for inspiration. For instance, countries such as France and Slovakia rely heavily on nuclear energy, with more than half of their electricity generated from this clean source. Meanwhile, the use of solar energy in regions like Nevada, where it accounts for about a third of electricity, demonstrates the potential benefits for French Guiana. By investing in both nuclear and solar energy, French Guiana can bolster its clean energy capacity, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and ensure a more sustainable electric future.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in French Guiana shows a fluctuating pattern of hydropower generation. Beginning in the early 2000s, changes in hydropower were somewhat inconsistent, with periods of minor gains and losses. Solar electricity saw modest initial developments in 2011 but remained flat in the following years. While biofuels entered the scene in 2021, their impact has been limited. To strengthen sustainable electricity overall, a renewed focus on expanding solar and developing nuclear energy can help counteract past stagnation and propel French Guiana into a cleaner energy era.
