Electricity in French Guiana in 2021

In 2021, French Guiana's electricity consumption demonstrated a strong emphasis on low-carbon sources, with about 70% of its electricity generated from clean energy. This includes more than half of its electricity derived from hydropower, which makes up the backbone of the region's low-carbon generation. Solar energy also supplies a modest share of nearly 6%, and biofuels contribute close to 5%. On the other hand, just under a third of electricity in French Guiana is sourced from fossil fuels. The significant reliance on low-carbon energy sources highlights the region's commitment to reducing emissions and contributing to environmental sustainability.

Suggestions

To further increase low-carbon electricity generation, French Guiana can learn from the successes of countries with established low-carbon infrastructures. For example, France has achieved approximately 67% of its electricity from nuclear energy, showcasing a model of how large-scale implementation can significantly contribute to a low-carbon grid. Similarly, Uruguay has been successful with wind energy, generating about 36%, offering French Guiana a perspective on diversifying clean energy portfolios beyond hydropower. Additionally, Greece's example, where about 22% of electricity is solar-powered, provides a relevant model due to similar climatic conditions. These strategies demonstrate different pathways for French Guiana to enhance its reliance on clean energy through nuclear and expanded solar and wind possibilities.

History

Historically, the development of low-carbon electricity in French Guiana has experienced modest yet notable progress. Throughout the early 2000s, hydropower generation saw minor variations, often increasing in small increments but occasionally declining. For instance, a notable increase in hydropower output was recorded in 2010, with another rise in 2021, suggesting a revival in focus or favorable climatic conditions. While solar energy's contribution began in 2011 and biofuels saw no addition in 2021, the consistency in hydropower indicates a stable low-carbon backbone. Despite these modest changes, the steady development over the past few decades marks an encouraging path for French Guiana's potential expansion in low-carbon energy.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources