Electricity in United Kingdom in 2023/2024

Over the past year, from September 2023 to August 2024, the United Kingdom's electricity consumption has been marked by a significant lean towards low-carbon sources. More than half of the country's electricity, approximately 60.48%, has been generated from low-carbon technologies, showcasing a substantial commitment to clean energy. Wind energy alone contributes almost a third of the total electricity at 29.29%, followed by nuclear at 13%, biofuels at 11.22%, solar at 4.46%, and hydropower at 2.52%. Meanwhile, fossil energy sources comprise 29.39% of the electricity mix, primarily driven by natural gas, which makes up 26.47%, and coal at a minimal 1.28%. Net imports account for 10.13% of the electricity consumed. This balance illustrates a nation actively working towards reducing its reliance on fossil fuels in favor of more sustainable energy options.

Suggestions

To further increase low-carbon electricity generation, the United Kingdom can expand its existing nuclear and wind energy infrastructure, considering these technologies already contribute significantly to its clean energy mix. Learning from countries like France, which generates a remarkable 67% of its electricity from nuclear power, and Denmark, where wind energy constitutes 61% of the electricity mix, can provide valuable insights. The UK's nuclear energy share, at 13%, highlights substantial room for growth. By emulating the nuclear strategies of France, Slovakia, and Switzerland, where nuclear power plays a dominant role, the UK can bolster its low-carbon credentials. Additionally, enhancing offshore wind farm capacities, akin to Denmark, could significantly amplify contributions from wind energy. Encouraging policies and investments in these technologies could further solidify the UK's position in green energy adoption.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in the United Kingdom reveals varied developments over the decades. In the mid-1980s, there were notable increases in nuclear electricity generation, with 10 TWh added in 1984 and 7.1 TWh in 1985. Advancements continued through the late 1980s and early 1990s, peaking with a 12.5 TWh increase in 1993. However, the early 2000s saw significant declines, notably -10.1 TWh in 2000 and -8.7 TWh in 2004, culminating in a stark -12.4 TWh reduction in 2007. A recovery was seen in 2009 with a 16.6 TWh increase. Wind energy experienced remarkable growth from 2013 onwards, with significant contributions including 8.6 TWh in 2013, 8.3 TWh in 2015, and 12.5 TWh in 2017, cementing its role in the UK's energy landscape. Although there were occasional setbacks, such as a -10.7 TWh shift in 2021, the trajectory remained positive, highlighted by a substantial 15.3 TWh increase in 2022. As recent as 2023, nuclear faced another decline of -7 TWh, suggesting further potential for growth and stability in this sector. These historical patterns underscore the UK's persistent efforts and opportunities in advancing its low-carbon energy portfolio.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources