Electricity in United Kingdom in 2024
In 2024, the United Kingdom’s electricity consumption reflects a commendable reliance on low-carbon sources. More than half of the electricity comes from clean technologies, with low-carbon generation accounting for approximately 59% of the total. Wind power forms a significant part of this, contributing nearly 27%, making it a key player in the country's clean electricity mix. Nuclear energy provides almost 13% of the supply, maintaining its role as a robust and reliable source of low-carbon electricity. Biofuels add about 12.5% to the total, while solar and hydropower together contribute close to 7%. In contrast, fossil fuels account for about 30%, primarily driven by gas, which alone constitutes almost 27% of electricity generation. This indicates that while the UK has made significant progress, there is still room for improvement in reducing reliance on fossil fuels, which harm the environment through emissions that contribute to climate change and air pollution.
Suggestions
To further elevate low-carbon electricity generation, the UK could expand its existing infrastructure in nuclear and wind energy. Given the significant role these sectors already play, increasing investment in them could yield substantial rewards. The UK might take cues from France and Slovakia, where nuclear energy supplies 68% and 62% of electricity, respectively. Denmark's wind sector, which supplies 52% of its electricity, offers another template for expansion. By adopting best practices and policies from these countries, the UK can boost its low-carbon energy percentage, reduce its carbon footprint, and enhance energy security. Additionally, learning from countries like Lebanon, which relies heavily on solar power, could help in increasing solar's contribution to the UK’s electricity mix.
History
Reflecting on the history of low-carbon electricity in the UK, a diverse narrative emerges. The 1980s witnessed a notable rise in nuclear energy, with several years showing significant gains, especially in 1984, 1985, 1988, and 1989 where nuclear electricity generation saw increases. However, the transition into the 2000s marked a period of decline for nuclear, with noticeable drops in generation in the years 2000, 2004, 2007, and 2008. Despite this decline, there was a small recovery in 2009. Meanwhile, wind energy has consistently grown, particularly from 2013 onwards, except for a minor drop in 2021, showing a substantial upward trend with significant growth spurts in 2013, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022. The recent declines in nuclear generation in 2019 and 2023, however, underscore an urgent need to focus on revitalizing this crucial segment to ensure a stable, clean energy future for the UK.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.