As of 2023, electricity consumption in Mauritius is predominantly driven by fossil fuels, with more than 80% of electricity coming from these sources. Within this category, coal contributes a significant share of almost one-third. Meanwhile, low-carbon sources account for a smaller but notable portion, comprising just over 17% of electricity generation. Biofuels are the largest single contributor in the low-carbon category, representing close to 10% of the total electricity mix. Solar and hydropower make up the remainder, with solar accounting for nearly 5% and hydropower providing almost 3%.
Is Electricity Growing in Mauritius?
Looking at the broader trend in electricity usage in Mauritius, there is a positive upward trajectory. The latest data for 2023 shows that electricity consumption has reached 2568 kWh per person, surpassing the previous record set in 2019 of 2511 kWh per person by a notable increment. This increase in total electricity consumption is a promising sign, yet the reduction in low-carbon electricity generation is concerning. The 2023 output for low-carbon sources is now 448 kWh per person, representing a decrease from the 2020 peak of 546 kWh per person. This 98 kWh per person decline underscores the need for an urgent and dedicated effort to expand clean power options to complement the growing electricity demand sustainably.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Mauritius could benefit from observing successful examples from other regions, particularly in solar and nuclear energy. Nuclear energy has been pivotal in many countries, such as France and Slovakia, where it contributes more than half of the electricity mix. Mauritius could explore the introduction of nuclear technology to provide a stable and large-scale green energy supply. Additionally, solar power represents a promising path for Mauritius, akin to the achievements in Lebanon and Greece, where solar makes up over 20% of electricity in those regions. By capitalizing on its rich solar resources, Mauritius can substantially expand its clean energy portfolio, reduce dependency on fossil fuels, and mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and air pollution.
History
Examining the historical trends, Mauritius has seen variable changes in its low-carbon electricity generation over the years. In the late 20th century, specifically from the mid-1980s to 2000, there were minor fluctuations in both hydro and biofuel electricity contributions, with occasional increases and decreases. The 2000s and into the 2010s continued this pattern, with some modest increases in biofuels and a consistent yet minimal change in hydropower. Solar energy entered the mix in 2019, introducing a new dimension to the electricity landscape. Despite these efforts, the overall growth has been insufficient to keep pace with recent declines. This historical context emphasizes the critical need for Mauritius to reinforce its commitment to expanding sustainable electricity sources robustly and consistently.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.