As of 2023, Mauritius exhibits a significant reliance on fossil fuels for its electricity consumption, accounting for roughly 83% of the total energy mix, which includes a notable 34% coming from coal. In contrast, the island's use of low-carbon, or clean electricity, sits at around 17%. This share consists of approximately 10% from biofuels, 5% from solar power, and a modest 3% from hydropower. The heavy dependence on fossil energy is concerning, especially with the global move towards reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change. However, the presence of clean energy sources, though limited, highlights an opportunity for growth and improvement towards a greener future in electricity generation.
Is Electricity Growing in Mauritius?
Examining the trends in electricity consumption, Mauritius has seen a modest increase. In 2023, electricity consumption reached 2,568 kWh per person, surpassing the previous high in 2019 of 2,511 kWh/person by 56 kWh. This increment indicates a positive trend in electricity use, likely driven by modernization and economic progress. However, the consumption of low-carbon electricity tells a different story. The current consumption of low-carbon electricity dropped to 448 kWh/person from its peak of 545 kWh/person in 2020. This downturn of almost 100 kWh is concerning, highlighting a need for actions that increase the share of clean energy to enhance sustainable electricity growth.
Suggestions
To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Mauritius can draw lessons from countries like Lebanon, which generates over 30% of its electricity from solar power. Considering Mauritius' sunny climate, increasing investment in solar infrastructure could significantly elevate its clean energy output. Additionally, while Mauritius currently lacks nuclear power generation, the success of various nations in generating significant portions of their electricity from nuclear energy shows the potential benefits of incorporating this green energy source. Nuclear power offers a steady and reliable energy supply, making it an attractive option for Mauritius to diversify its energy mix and reduce its reliance on fossil fuels.
History
The historical evolution of low-carbon electricity in Mauritius shows varied progress across decades. In the 1980s and 1990s, hydropower experiences fluctuated slightly, undergoing minimal changes barely amounting to an increase or decrease of 0.1 TWh in select years. The incorporation of biofuels also saw incremental changes from 1990 onwards, with minor improvements until more recently minor decreases occurred. Solar energy took its initial step in 2019 with a modest increase, signaling a new avenue for clean energy development. Although these changes are modest, they emphasize the incremental gains in low-carbon energy sources that Mauritius has experienced while highlighting the potential for significant growth in clean electricity generation.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.