From July 2025 through June 2026, low-carbon sources supplied more than half of Armenia’s electricity—about 56%—while fossil fuels supplied roughly 44%. Nuclear was the largest clean electricity source, providing almost 29%, followed by hydropower at about 22% and solar at around 5%. Gas accounted for almost all fossil electricity, contributing roughly 44% of the total. Armenia therefore already has a substantial low-carbon electricity foundation, with considerable room to expand clean generation and reduce dependence on fossil fuels that contribute to climate change and air pollution.

Is Electricity Growing in Armenia?

Armenia’s latest figures do not establish whether electricity consumption is growing year on year, but they show that consumption remains below its historical peak. In 2026, electricity consumption stood at about 3,110 kWh per person, roughly 65 kWh, or 2%, below the 1990 record of 3,176 kWh per person. Low-carbon electricity generation reached about 1,750 kWh per person, compared with the 2024 benchmark of 1,772 kWh per person—a gap of just 22 kWh. These figures highlight the opportunity to achieve new records in both electricity availability and clean generation, supporting future electrification and growing electricity demand.

Suggestions

Armenia should expand its existing nuclear generation base while accelerating solar development and exploring suitable wind projects. Slovakia, where nuclear supplies about 66% of electricity, offers a useful comparison for a smaller country with an established nuclear sector; France demonstrates the potential of nuclear at an even larger scale, with about 67%. For solar, Armenia can draw lessons from nearby regional examples such as North Macedonia, where solar provides 40% of electricity, and Cyprus, where it supplies almost a quarter. Their experience can inform solar deployment, grid investment and project delivery, adapted to Armenian conditions. Wind could complement these sources: Lithuania generates about 43% of its electricity from wind, while neighboring Turkey generates around 12%. Together, nuclear, solar and appropriately located wind projects could substantially strengthen Armenia’s clean electricity supply.

History

Armenia’s low-carbon electricity history includes several important periods of expansion. Hydropower generation increased strongly in the early 1990s, rising by 1.5 TWh in 1992 and another 1.2 TWh in 1993. Nuclear generation then recorded a major 2 TWh increase in 1996, followed by gains of 0.5 TWh in both 1999 and 2005. Hydropower also expanded by 0.7 TWh in 2002 and 0.5 TWh in 2010. More recently, nuclear generation increased by 0.4 TWh in 2020 and a substantial 1 TWh in 2022, while hydropower added 0.4 TWh in 2021 and 0.5 TWh in 2026. These advances demonstrate Armenia’s capacity to deliver meaningful additions to clean electricity generation—a foundation worth building on through sustained nuclear and solar expansion.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

* 12M = Last 12 months (Jul 2025 – Jun 2026) — a rolling 12-month period, not a calendar year.