In the year 2024, electricity consumption in Armenia shows a distinct leaning towards low-carbon energy sources, comprising more than half, at approximately 60%. Nuclear power leads this clean energy group, contributing nearly 30% to the overall electricity mix. Following nuclear, hydropower plays a significant role with over 20% of the electricity generated, while solar power makes up about 10%. On the other hand, fossil fuels still account for a substantial portion, specifically nearly 40%, entirely dominated by gas. This distribution indicates Armenia's commendable efforts in harnessing clean energy, which not only supports a more sustainable future but also helps reduce the adverse effects associated with fossil fuel dependency, such as climate change and air pollution.
Is Electricity Growing in Armenia?
Despite Armenia's focus on clean energy, the country has experienced a decline in overall electricity consumption. The consumption in 2024 stands at approximately 3003 kWh per person, demonstrating a decrease from the previous high of 3430 kWh per person in 2022. Low-carbon electricity generation has also reduced, from 2083 kWh per person in 2022 to the current 1807 kWh per person. This downward trend is concerning as it indicates a reduction in electricity availability, which can impede economic growth and the transition to a fully electrified society. There is a pressing need to reverse this trend and expand electricity generation capacity, with a focus on low-carbon sources.
Suggestions
To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Armenia should consider expanding its current nuclear capacity. Countries like France and Slovakia set exemplary benchmarks with their significant reliance on nuclear energy, contributing 68% and 62% of their electricity generation, respectively. Additionally, learning from Lebanon's focus on solar, which constitutes 31% of its energy mix, could prove beneficial. By replicating these successes, Armenia can strengthen its energy security and sustainability. Through strategic investments in nuclear and solar technologies, Armenia can scale up its electricity production while minimizing environmental impact and enhancing energy independence.
History
Throughout the years, Armenia's low-carbon electricity generation has experienced various changes influenced by shifts in both nuclear and hydropower contributions. The early 1990s saw a boost in hydropower, while the mid-1990s marked a pivotal increase in nuclear output. However, the following decade experienced fluctuations, with nuclear generation witnessing several significant adjustments, both increases and concerning declines. Such inconsistencies can hinder long-term energy planning and security. Despite these challenges, Armenia has opportunities to capitalize on nuclear and solar advancements to establish a more stable and growth-oriented electricity production framework. Concerted efforts towards enhancing nuclear facilities and promoting solar installations should be prioritized to ensure a reliable, clean energy future.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.