In 2021, Samoa's electricity consumption indicated a strong dependence on low-carbon energy sources. However, the overall electricity generation was significantly lower than the global average of 410 watts per person, conveying that there's ample room for development. With the primary reliance on hydro and biofuels, Samoa's low-carbon electricity generation could certainly benefit from expansion into other green technologies. However, lower levels of electricity generation can have various effects, such as less industrial development and technological advancements. Conversely, it may also mean minimized greenhouse gas emissions and a smaller carbon footprint.
In order to increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Samoa can look to improve upon its existing solar capabilities, as this sustainable technology is already generating substantial electricity in the country. Samoa can glean insights from countries with similar socioeconomic and environmental conditions, such as Brazil and Chile, who have effectively utilized their geographical advantages to generate wind and solar energy respectively. Emulating their strategies could help Samoa enhance its clean electricity production and reduce its dependence on fossil fuels.
The history of low-carbon electricity in Samoa, as per the data provided, provides insight into the country's energy journey. For the major part of the early 21st century, more precisely from 2001 to 2010, the country's primary source of green energy was hydroelectricity, with biofuels also being introduced in 2001. Despite this, there was no expansion or change with these technologies for a decade. It was only in 2015 that solar energy was introduced, signifying a broadening of Samoa's low-carbon electricity generation. However, similar to hydro and biofuels, solar energy too saw no change in its generation till at least 2016. Considering this stagnant growth in the past, the need for enhancement in Samoa's green energy production becomes all the more critical.