In Samoa, the current electricity consumption landscape in 2023 reflects a significant reliance on fossil fuels, which makeup 60% of the electricity mix. However, there is a commendable share of low-carbon or clean energy sources contributing to the electricity supply. Hydropower accounts for 20%, solar energy contributes about 13%, and biofuels make up nearly 7% of the total electricity production. This combination highlights Samoa's investment in clean energy, though the potential for further clean energy expansion, particularly solar, remains substantial to improve the environmental sustainability of its energy supply.
Is Electricity Growing in Samoa?
Electricity consumption in Samoa has seen a noticeable decline when analyzed over recent years, raising concerns about growth and sustainability. In 2023, the total electricity consumption reached 692 kWh per person, a drop of 157 kWh from the peak recorded in 2020. Also, low-carbon electricity generation per person has decreased by 97 kWh since 2021, with the latest figures at 277 kWh per person. These declines indicate a retreat from previous accomplishments in electricity generation and suggest an urgent need to reinvigorate efforts in boosting electricity supply to support electrification, economic growth, and the environment.
Suggestions
Samoa can substantially increase its low-carbon electricity generation by focusing on expanding its existing solar infrastructure. Given its geographic advantages, solar energy offers a viable path for clean energy advancement. Samoa can look to the successes of regions such as Lebanon, which generates over 30% of its electricity from solar, and Nevada, which boasts a solar contribution of 27%. Additionally, considering the global benefits of integrating nuclear energy, lessons can be drawn from countries like France, where nuclear power accounts for a substantial 68% of electricity generation. Adopting strategic insights from these regions can propel Samoa toward a more sustainable electricity future, offering energy security and environmental benefits.
History
Historically, Samoa witnessed a stable yet stagnant situation in its low-carbon electricity generation up until recent years. From 2001 to 2013, and again during 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023, hydropower generation experienced no recorded changes. Similarly, solar energy saw no shifts in production between 2015 and 2016, and biofuels maintained a constant output starting in 2021. Such periods of stagnation highlight missed opportunities for growth in clean energy generation. Expanding Samoa's clean energy infrastructure, particularly through enhancing solar capabilities and considering nuclear options, is critical for breaking this pattern and achieving significant advancements in the country's energy landscape.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.