Electricity in Serbia in 2024

As of 2024, the electricity consumption in Serbia leans heavily on fossil fuels, with about 65% of its electricity generated from such sources. Coal, in particular, plays a dominant role, contributing almost 62% to the national electricity mix. On the other hand, low-carbon energy sources constitute around 34% of electricity generation in Serbia. Within the clean energy sector, hydropower is the most significant, accounting for nearly 30% of the electricity consumption. Wind energy plays a minor yet noteworthy role, contributing slightly more than 3%. The reliance on gas remains marginal, slightly above 3%, reflecting the overall dependence on fossil energy sources for electricity production.

Suggestions

Enhancing the share of low-carbon electricity generation is essential for Serbia to meet its environmental goals and reduce its carbon footprint. Learning from successful countries, Serbia can consider expanding its nuclear energy capabilities. Countries like France and Slovakia generate a substantial portion of their electricity—68% and 60%, respectively—from nuclear energy. Closer to Serbia, Bulgaria, Czechia, and Slovenia also have a large share of nuclear energy contributing to their electricity grids. Additionally, investing in wind energy could be beneficial, mirroring Denmark's success with wind accounting for 59% of its electricity generation. Exploring and scaling up solar energy can also provide a sustainable pathway for Serbia, as evidenced by strides made in countries like Greece and Chile, where solar energy has gained significant traction.

History

Historically, Serbia's journey with low-carbon electricity has experienced fluctuations, predominantly through hydropower. In the 1990s, hydroelectric production saw mixed results, experiencing both boosts and setbacks, with notable increases in 1991 and minor declines in subsequent years. The early to mid-2000s continued this pattern, with years of growth followed by declines. A notable fall occurred in 2011, with a drop of 3.2 TWh. Additionally, spikes were evident, such as the increase of 3.5 TWh in 2023, which was later followed by a decrease in 2024. This trend of fluctuating energy production highlights the necessity for Serbia to stabilize its low-carbon electricity supply, for which diversification into nuclear and wind energy may present strategic solutions.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Maximum Imports

Data Sources