Electricity in Malawi in 2022

In 2022, Malawi's electricity generation predominantly came from low-carbon sources, totaling 1.27 TWh. Hydropower was a major contributor, generating 1.05 TWh, which amounts to more than 80% of the low-carbon electricity. The remaining portion came from sources such as solar and biofuels. Importantly, fossil electricity generation in Malawi is close to none, indicating the country’s commitment to clean energy. However, Malawi's total electricity generation is substantially lower than the global average of 432 watts per person. As a result of these low levels of electricity generation, the country faces challenges in powering homes, industries, and infrastructure, which can impede economic development and reduce the quality of life for its citizens.

Suggestions

To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Malawi can expand its existing solar capacities. The country can look to successful examples globally, such as India and Brazil, both of which have invested significantly in solar and wind energy. India, in particular, generated 113 TWh from solar and 82 TWh from wind in 2022, demonstrating that even in regions with similar economic constraints, prioritizing green technologies can yield significant outcomes. Similarly, Brazil, with its strong investment in wind energy, generated 96 TWh from this source. By learning from these countries, Malawi can adopt innovative financing models, embrace public-private partnerships, and implement policies that incentivize clean energy investments, leading to greater electricity access and economic growth.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Malawi shows a consistent reliance on hydropower, with gradual increases in generation in the early 1990s and through the 2000s. Notable increments of 0.1 TWh were seen multiple years, offset by occasional declines. For instance, there were significant reductions of 0.5 TWh in 2018 and 0.3 TWh in 2021. Recent years have introduced new solar projects, with solar contributing to the grid for the first time in 2019. Despite these fluctuations, the ongoing developments suggest a resilient focus on hydropower supplemented by emerging solar initiatives, suggesting a path towards a sustainable energy future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources