In 2024, Thailand's electricity generation primarily relies on fossil fuels, which account for nearly three-quarters of the total electricity mix. Gas is the predominant fossil source, comprising more than half of the total electricity supply, while coal contributes to a small yet significant portion. Meanwhile, low-carbon energy sources like biofuels, hydropower, solar, and wind together make up a bit more than 12% of the electricity mix, indicating considerable room for growth in Thailand's pursuit of cleaner energy solutions. Imported electricity constitutes a notable share as well, making up almost 15% of Thailand's electricity supply.

Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and IEA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Thailand?

Electricity consumption in Thailand has been rising, as demonstrated by the recent record of 3,254 kWh per capita in 2024, up from the previous high of 3,083 kWh per capita in 2023. This increase shows that electricity use is expanding, which is crucial for supporting economic growth and development. However, it is concerning that while total electricity consumption is on the rise, the generation of low-carbon electricity has slightly decreased compared to the 2018 record. This suggests a need for Thailand to enhance its efforts in promoting low-carbon energy to maintain environmental sustainability as consumption increases.

Suggestions

To augment low-carbon electricity generation, Thailand can draw insights from regions like Nevada and California, where solar power contributes significantly to electricity production. These regions have demonstrated successful solar integration, which Thailand can emulate given its favorable geographical conditions for solar energy. Additionally, looking at countries like France and Slovakia, which have achieved high shares of clean electricity through nuclear power, Thailand can consider similar advancements. Expanding solar and adopting nuclear energy could significantly reduce Thailand's reliance on fossil fuels, decrease harmful emissions, and provide a more sustainable and safe energy solution for future developments.

History

Historically, Thailand's low-carbon electricity production has experienced fluctuations. Starting with hydropower in the early 1980s, there were periods of growth, notably in the mid-1990s. Biofuels saw a brief surge in the mid-2010s, contributing to Thailand's move towards sustainable energy. However, this was followed by some declines, but a notable increase in wind energy in 2019 provided some momentum. Despite these efforts, the pattern suggests inconsistency, underscoring the importance of stable and strategic planning to ensure a reliable increase in clean electricity generation, particularly through solar and nuclear advancements.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade