Electricity in Thailand in 2024
In Thailand, the electricity consumption landscape in 2024 remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels, which account for more than two-thirds of total electricity usage. Gas dominates this category, supplying over half of the total electricity consumption, highlighting a significant dependence on fossil sources. Meanwhile, low-carbon energy sources contribute to around one-eighth of the total consumption. Of these, biofuels make the largest dent, albeit still small, followed by hydropower, solar, and wind, all contributing marginally. Net imports also play a substantial role, bringing in just under fifteen percent of the electricity consumed. This heavy reliance on fossil fuels underscores challenges for cleaner energy transition, raising concerns about carbon emissions and air pollution.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Thailand?
Thailand's electricity consumption has seen growth, with the latest figures showing an increase to 3254 kWh per person, a notable rise from the previous year's record of 3083 kWh per person. However, the surge in electricity usage does not mirror in the growth of low-carbon electricity, showing a small decline from past heights. In 2018, low-carbon electricity peaked at 420 kWh per person, but in 2024, it has slightly receded to 413 kWh per person. The decline in clean energy adoption amid growing overall consumption is disappointing, as it suggests an increased reliance on fossil fuels and a missed opportunity for sustainable development, especially considering the urgent need for green energy to mitigate climate change effects.
Suggestions
To bolster its low-carbon electricity generation, Thailand could draw inspiration from regions that excel in clean energy production. The high share of solar electricity in regions like Nevada (33%) and Lebanon (31%) suggests that Thailand has the potential to expand its solar capabilities given its ample sunlight. Similarly, nuclear power, which provides substantial portions of electricity in countries like France (70%), Slovakia (66%), and Ukraine (55%), proves to be a vital component of a sustainable energy mix. By investing in solar and nuclear infrastructure, Thailand can not only reduce its carbon footprint but also ensure energy security and independence in the future. An intensified focus on these technologies will help pivot the nation toward a more sustainable electricity future.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity in Thailand reveals a series of peaks and troughs, especially in hydropower. In the 1980s and 1990s, there were moderate increases in hydroelectric output, hitting significant highs in years such as 1981 and 1995. In contrast, the late 1990s and early 2010s experienced several downturns, with notable declines in 1998, 1999, and 2010. The year 2013 was marked by significant growth in both biofuels and new entries in wind energy. However, there have been fluctuations since then, with biofuels showing instability and only temporary advances in wind energy. Thailand's journey highlights an inconsistent commitment to low-carbon energy, emphasizing the urgent need for a more robust and consistent focus on solar and nuclear development.
