Electricity in Zimbabwe in 2023

As of 2023, Zimbabwe's electricity consumption reveals a positive leaning towards low-carbon energy sources. A significant portion, more than half of the electricity, comes from low-carbon sources, with hydropower contributing almost entirely to that figure. Fossil fuels, represented entirely by coal, account for just over a quarter of the electricity production. Net imports also play a role, adding roughly a fifth to the electricity mix. Meanwhile, biofuels make up a minimal share, close to none, at slightly over one percent. This composition indicates a substantial commitment towards low-carbon electricity generation, although there is room for improvement to reduce reliance on coal and increase energy independence.

Suggestions

For Zimbabwe to further enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, looking at international examples proves insightful. Countries like France and Slovakia are excellent models, showcasing the benefits of a strong focus on nuclear energy with significantly high percentages of electricity generated from this source. These examples demonstrate that transitioning or expanding nuclear capacity could substantially elevate Zimbabwe's low-carbon electricity share. Furthermore, countries such as Denmark illustrate how a focus on wind energy can lead to a sustainable green energy profile. Implementing lessons from these nations could enable Zimbabwe to decrease its dependence on coal, reducing the negative impacts of fossil fuels like climate change and air pollution.

History

Historically, Zimbabwe's dependence on hydroelectric power has seen various fluctuations. The 1980s experienced minor reductions and gains, with notable growth in hydroelectric generation towards the end of the decade. The 1990s and early 2000s marked periods of both recovery and decline, with occasional significant increases often followed by setbacks. More recently, the 2010s started with declines but later experienced some recoveries. In 2021, hydroelectric generation saw a substantial increase, indicating a potential to stabilize and expand this clean energy source. However, the slight dip in 2023 suggests that efforts must continue to ensure consistent and resilient low-carbon electricity production. Emphasizing a diversified clean energy portfolio could help mitigate these fluctuations and support a more sustainable electricity future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources