In 2023, Equatorial Guinea relies heavily on fossil fuels for electricity, with more than two-thirds of its electricity generated from these sources, predominantly from gas. On the brighter side, low-carbon sources make up almost a third of electricity generation, with hydropower being the sole contributor among these clean energy types. The current energy mix shows a significant dependence on fossil fuels, indicating a pressing need to diversify energy sources towards more sustainable options to reduce the negative impacts of fossil fuels, such as climate change and air pollution, and to achieve a greener and more sustainable energy future.
Is Electricity Growing in Equatorial Guinea?
Despite the critical need for growth, electricity consumption in Equatorial Guinea is declining. In 2023, per capita electricity consumption has dropped significantly to 850 kWh/person, down from a previous high of 1209 kWh/person in 2014. This declining trend holds true for low-carbon electricity as well, with current per capita generation at 265 kWh/person, marking a substantial decrease from the peak of 390 kWh/person in 2015. This reduction in both total and low-carbon electricity consumption is concerning, as it indicates a stagnation or decline in sustainable energy use and hinders efforts towards a cleaner, more sustainable future.
Suggestions
To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Equatorial Guinea can draw lessons from other regions that excel in utilizing solar and nuclear energy. Regions like France and Slovakia, with nuclear power contributing more than 65% of their electricity, showcase the potential of nuclear energy. Meanwhile, Nevada and California demonstrate effective solar energy utilization, generating around a third of their electricity from the sun. By investing in nuclear and solar energy infrastructure, Equatorial Guinea can boost its clean electricity generation, reduce dependency on fossil fuels, and meet growing electricity demand sustainably.
History
Historically, Equatorial Guinea's low-carbon electricity generation has fluctuated, with hydropower being the primary contributor. The early years, from 1991 to 2011, saw no significant change in the generation of hydroelectric power. A gradual increase began in 2012, peaking with notable gains in 2013 and 2015. However, this growth was not sustained, as indicated by declines in subsequent years. The stagnation of recent years, characterized by negligible changes in hydropower generation, underscores the necessity for deliberate efforts and investment to reinvigorate and expand low-carbon energy generation. Such efforts are vital to ensure a sustainable energy economy and to support the demand brought on by electrification and the advancement of technologies like AI.
