Burundi's electricity consumption in 2023 stands at a remarkably low level, with its per capita usage at just 36 kWh. This figure is only a fraction of the global average of 3412 kWh per person, highlighting a significant gap in energy access. Of this, low-carbon energy sources contribute 20 kWh per person. Such a low percentage indicates that more than half of the country's electricity still depends on fossil fuels, which is concerning given the associated air pollution and climate change implications. The limited electricity generation stifles economic growth, hinders essential services, and restricts opportunities for technological advancement, making it imperative for Burundi to increase its electricity supply, emphasizing clean and sustainable sources.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and Enerdata. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Burundi?
Currently, electricity consumption in Burundi is declining, as evidenced by the decrease from the previous high of 40 kWh per person in 2019 to 36 kWh in 2023. This represents a reduction of around 10% from its peak level. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation has dropped slightly from 22 kWh per person in 2020 to the current 20 kWh. This downward trend in both total and low-carbon electricity generation is concerning, especially at a time when the global demand for clean electricity is rapidly growing to address both energy needs and environmental challenges. Without a focused strategy to reverse this decline, Burundi risks falling further behind in its energy development goals.
Suggestions
To significantly increase low-carbon electricity generation, Burundi should look towards solar and nuclear energy as leading solutions. Successful countries like China, the USA, and India demonstrate significant production capacities in solar and wind energy, with China generating over 1,000 TWh from solar alone. Similarly, nuclear power, as evidenced in France, the United States, and China, offers a reliable low-carbon energy source. Burundi can capitalize on its abundant solar potential and consider adopting nuclear technologies to boost its electricity supply sustainably. By learning from these regions, Burundi can strategically incorporate both solar and nuclear energy into its electricity grid, which would not only help bridge the current consumption gap but also contribute to its sustainable development.
History
Historically, Burundi's low-carbon electricity generation has shown minimal growth, particularly in hydroelectric capacity, which has persistently remained stagnant across multiple years from 1991 to 2021. There have been no noteworthy spikes or declines in this sector. The year 2016 briefly highlighted the introduction of solar power generation, but this too did not see a subsequent increase as was expected with the growing global solar trend. While the country's reliance on hydroelectric power has maintained a steady presence, the lack of significant change in other low-carbon resources calls for urgent action. Burundi has the opportunity to pivot towards expanding its solar and potentially nuclear capabilities to foster a more robust and sustainable electricity framework for future generations.
