In 2023, Burundi's electricity consumption remains notably low, standing at just 36 kWh per person. This consumption rate is significantly below the global average of 3,736 kWh per person. The vast majority of Burundi's electricity generation, more than half, comes from low-carbon sources like hydro and biofuels, while fossil fuel-based generation contributes close to none. The low levels of electricity generation can have substantial impacts on economic growth, living standards, and overall development. Insufficient electricity supply can hinder industrial expansion, limit access to modern technology, and constrain the delivery of essential services such as healthcare and education.
Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and Enerdata. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Burundi?
In terms of growth, electricity consumption in Burundi has seen a slight decline recently. The peak consumption of 40 kWh per person was reached in 2019, but by 2023, it had dropped by 4 kWh per person. Similarly, low-carbon electricity generation, which peaked at 22 kWh per person in 2020, has declined to 20 kWh per person in 2023. These decreases indicate a worrying trend towards stagnation and decline in both total and low-carbon electricity generation. To address these issues effectively, Burundi needs to focus on ensuring steady growth in electricity generation, especially from clean and sustainable sources.
Suggestions
To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Burundi can look to successful models from other regions. The People's Republic of China has seen substantial success with solar and wind power, generating more than 1,100 TWh from each of these sources. Additionally, the widespread deployment of nuclear energy in countries such as France, the United States, and Brazil showcases the potential for nuclear energy as a stable and reliable low-carbon source. By harnessing solar potential akin to Brazil's solar progress and considering nuclear developments similar to those in countries like South Africa, Burundi can create a roadmap for substantial growth in its clean electricity sector. Investments in these energy technologies are crucial for Burundi to align itself with global trends towards sustainability and meet the growing electricity demand.
History
Looking at the history of low-carbon electricity generation in Burundi, there has been minimal change for several decades. Since 1991, hydroelectric production has remained stable with no recorded change year to year. Similarly, there has been no significant increase in electricity generation from biofuels or solar in recent years, aside from a flat line entry in 2016 when solar started contributing but has not shown growth since. The lack of advancement in low-carbon electricity over these years is concerning, particularly in a global context where many nations are advancing their low-carbon energy portfolios. Burundi's stable but stagnant electricity landscape underscores the urgent need for modernizing the grid and enhancing the output from clean energy sources, which is vital for sustainable growth and economic development.
