Electricity in New Caledonia in 2022

As of 2022, New Caledonia's electricity consumption is predominantly reliant on fossil fuels, which account for more than four-fifths (83%) of their total electricity generation. Coal alone makes up almost half (42%) of this consumption. On the other hand, low-carbon energy sources such as hydro, solar, and wind power represent approximately 17% of the electricity generated. Hydropower contributes about 8%, while solar power and wind energy provide 7% and 2% respectively. This heavy dependence on fossil fuels contributes to climate change and air pollution, highlighting the urgent need for a transition towards more sustainable energy sources.

Suggestions

To increase its share of low-carbon electricity, New Caledonia can look at international examples of successful energy transitions. Specifically, countries with similar geographical and demographical attributes can offer useful insights. For example, Denmark and Uruguay, which derive 61% and 36% of their electricity from wind power respectively, demonstrate the viability of this energy source. Likewise, nations such as Greece and Chile have made significant strides in solar energy, generating 22% and 21% of their electricity from solar power respectively. New Caledonia could follow suit by investing in solar farms and wind turbines to leverage its natural resources effectively. Moreover, the consistent reliance on nuclear power by countries like France and Slovakia, where it constitutes 67% and 60% of electricity generation respectively, suggests that nuclear energy could also be a dependable and clean alternative for long-term electricity needs.

History

Examining the historical trends in low-carbon electricity generation in New Caledonia reveals a mixed picture. During the early 2000s, hydropower saw minor fluctuations with slight decreases in electricity generation in 2001 and 2006, followed by small increases in 2007 and 2008. The most substantial drop occurred in 2014 with a decrease of 0.2 TWh. Stability seemed more commonplace after 2015, with occasional increases and decreases in hydroelectric output. Solar power began contributing in 2019 with an increase of 0.1 TWh and has since maintained a steady presence, although no significant changes were recorded in 2020 and 2021. These patterns highlight the potential for steady growth and diversification in low-carbon energy if New Caledonia capitalizes on both local and international best practices in clean energy generation.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources