Over the past year, from August 2024 to July 2025, the state of electricity consumption in Georgia has seen a significant reliance on low-carbon energy sources. Low-carbon electricity made up more than three-quarters of the total electricity consumption, with hydropower being the major contributor at approximately 74%. Fossil energy sources fell to less than one-fifth, with natural gas comprising the whole portion of fossil-based electricity at around 18%. Additionally, net imports accounted for slightly over 7% of the electricity consumption. This composition underscores Georgia's commitment to clean energy and its potential to further transition away from fossil fuels.
Is Electricity Growing in Georgia?
Despite these achievements, there are indications that electricity consumption in Georgia is experiencing a slight downward trend. In 2025, the electricity consumption per person stood at 3803 kWh, which is slightly lower than the 2022 record of 3903 kWh per person. This represents a decrease of 100 kWh per person in overall electricity consumption. When looking at low-carbon electricity generation, the latest figures show 2844 kWh per person compared to the previous record in 2024 of 3006 kWh per person, marking a reduction of 162 kWh per person. This decline is concerning, given the critical need to increase electricity consumption to support emerging technologies and mitigate climate change impacts through sustainable means.
Suggestions
To foster growth in low-carbon electricity, Georgia can look to successful regions around the world as examples. Countries like France and Slovakia, which derive a substantial portion of their electricity from nuclear power, set noteworthy benchmarks, with nuclear energy making up 69% and 64% of their electricity, respectively. Similarly, states like Iowa and South Dakota have effectively harnessed wind power for over 60% of their electricity needs. Exploring nuclear and expanding wind and solar energy could be vital for Georgia. By investing in these clean energy sources, Georgia can reduce its dependence on fossil fuels, increase sustainability, and meet growing electricity demands.
History
Historically, Georgia's electricity generation from low-carbon sources has shown fluctuations, largely due to variable hydropower outputs over the decades. During the early 1990s, hydropower generation faced a significant dip, highlighted by a notable decrease in 1992 by 0.9 TWh. Sporadic increases and decreases characterized the following years, such as a substantial boost of 1.9 TWh in 2010 and another in 2021. Recently, hydropower contributions have continued to fluctuate, most recently with a 0.6 TWh decline in 2025. While hydropower remains a crucial component of Georgia's clean energy portfolio, diversifying into solar and nuclear could provide more stability and growth in low-carbon electricity generation.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.