Electricity in Uganda in 2022

In 2022, Uganda's electricity consumption showed a clear preference for clean, low-carbon sources, particularly hydropower, which accounted for almost all of the low-carbon generation of approximately 5.33 TWh. Among these, hydropower contributed around 4.81 TWh, with biofuels making up the remainder. On the other hand, fossil-based electricity generation was minimal, signaling a commendable move towards sustainable energy solutions. Comparing Uganda's electricity consumption per capita to the global average of 3606 watts per person, it is evident that the country uses significantly less electricity per person. This low level of electricity generation can impact the country's economic growth, industrial development, and overall quality of life, potentially limiting the availability of reliable energy for residential and industrial use.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Uganda could look to successful strategies from countries around the world. A focus on solar and wind energy could yield substantial benefits, given the success observed in countries with similar climates and economic conditions. For instance, countries like India and Brazil have achieved significant strides in solar and wind generation, providing Uganda a model that demonstrates how investment in these technologies can exponentially increase energy availability. By leveraging its geographical advantages and looking to partnerships or investments that prioritize solar and wind, Uganda could drastically improve its low-carbon electricity footprint.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Uganda has seen several fluctuating yet generally positive developments, primarily driven by hydropower. Beginning in the early 1990s, there was a modest increase, with years like 1992, 2000, and 2002 each seeing a 0.2 to 0.3 TWh rise. However, a significant decline occurred in 2006 with a decrease of 0.7 TWh. Since then, hydro generation has mostly increased, with notable jumps in 2012 by 0.9 TWh and in 2021 by 0.6 TWh. Additionally, biofuels made a brief impact in 2015 and 2021, though with some fluctuations. Overall, Uganda's hydropower capacity has been a key contributor to its sustainable electricity efforts, underscoring its potential to lead future clean energy expansion with strategic investments in solar and wind technologies.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources