Electricity in Myanmar (Burma) in 2023

In 2023, Myanmar's electricity consumption stands at a modest level, with almost half of its electricity provided by low-carbon sources, specifically hydropower, which accounts for nearly 9.9 TWh. In stark contrast, the remainder of its power is derived from fossil fuels, with gas making up the majority at close to 6 TWh and coal adding more than 2 TWh. These figures illustrate the country's reliance on both clean and fossil-based electricity generation. The total electricity consumption per capita significantly trails the global average of 3638 watts per person, suggesting potential drawbacks such as hindered economic growth, limited industrialization, and reduced quality of life. Low levels of generation can also limit Myanmar's ability to provide consistent and reliable energy, essential for driving technological advancement and improving public services.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Myanmar can take cues from countries that have effectively harnessed various clean energy sources. For instance, China's substantial advancements in wind and solar power demonstrate how diversifying energy portfolios can significantly ramp up clean electricity production, with China generating over 1000 TWh from wind and more than 700 TWh from solar. India, comparable to Myanmar in terms of development stage and resources, also shows robust solar and wind capabilities, producing approximately 128 TWh and 91 TWh, respectively. By embracing solar and wind technologies, Myanmar could create a more sustainable and resilient energy grid. Moreover, as seen from the reliance in countries like the United States, France, and Russia, adopting nuclear power can be an effective strategy to ensure a steady supply of green electricity, providing a reliable foundation on which to build future energy infrastructure.

History

Myanmar's history of low-carbon electricity generation has seen various changes over the years, primarily driven by hydropower developments. From the early 2000s until the late 2010s, the nation experienced relatively steady increments in hydropower production, frequently increasing by around 0.3 to 1.3 TWh each year, highlighting a period of growth and investment in clean energy. However, this trend faced setbacks in 2019 and 2020, with significant decreases of about 1.7 TWh, reflecting possible challenges such as natural variations in rainfall. Recent adjustments like the slight drop in 2023 further emphasize the need for diversification to stabilize the energy supply. By investing in a mix of clean energy sources including solar, wind, and potential nuclear, Myanmar can better manage such fluctuations and enhance its energy security for the future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources