Electricity in Algeria in 2023
In 2023, Algeria's electricity consumption is overwhelmingly reliant on fossil energy, with almost all of it, about 99%, coming from such sources. This fossil fuel dependency is primarily attributed to natural gas, which accounts for approximately 99% of the fossil-based electricity production. In contrast, low-carbon energy, which includes types such as solar and wind, makes up a minute fraction of the electricity mix—essentially having a presence close to none. This heavy reliance on fossil fuels contributes to significant greenhouse gas emissions and raises concerns about air quality and climate change. Transitioning to more clean energy sources is vital for a sustainable future and improving public health outcomes.
Is Electricity Growing in Algeria?
Electricity consumption in Algeria has seen growth as the per capita consumption figure rose to about 2086 kWh in 2023, up from the 2022 figure of 2011 kWh. This increase indicates a positive trend in electricity availability and usage, reflecting economic growth and underlining the increasing energy demand. However, low-carbon electricity generation witnessed a decline, with 2023 levels at merely 20 kWh per person, a decrease from its historic peak of 29 kWh per person in 1985. This drop in clean electricity generation is concerning and signifies a potential misalignment in energy strategies, especially when the world is moving aggressively towards green energy solutions.
Suggestions
For Algeria to augment its low-carbon electricity generation, learning from countries with successful clean energy transitions is advisable. Nations like France, Slovakia, and Ukraine have demonstrated the efficacy of nuclear energy, generating substantial portions of their electricity through this low-carbon source—France, for example, produces 68% of its electricity from nuclear power. Solar power, a highly viable option for sun-rich regions like Algeria, also shows promise as exemplified by Lebanon, which generates 31% of its electricity from solar energy. By studying and adopting strategies from these regions, particularly focusing on expanding nuclear and solar energy infrastructures, Algeria can significantly enhance its low-carbon electricity generation and reduce its fossil fuel dependency.
History
Historically, Algeria's clean electricity generation, particularly from hydro, has experienced minor fluctuations over the decades. In the early 1980s, changes were negligible; however, by the 1990s and early 2000s, incremental ups and downs were observed, indicating a mild inconsistency in growth. A more notable development occurred in 2017 when solar energy first emerged significantly with an increase of 0.5 TWh, showing a promising but solitary step towards diversifying electricity sources. The stasis and sporadic decline in hydro generation reinforce the crucial need for robust planning and investment in sustainable energy projects, particularly expanding the solar and nuclear sectors, to secure Algeria's energy future.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.