In the last 12 months, from September 2024 to August 2025, the electricity consumption in Bangladesh has been overwhelmingly supported by fossil fuels, representing around 82% of the total output. Gas, a major contributor within this category, accounts for more than 43%, while coal contributes over a quarter of the country's electricity. Electricity imports also make up a notable 16% of the energy mix. In contrast, low-carbon energy sources represent a tiny fraction, with solar power generating just over 1% and the overall contribution from low-carbon sources standing at only about 2%. The reliance on fossil fuels implies significant environmental concerns due to associated carbon emissions, while the minimal contribution from clean energy highlights the urgent need for expansion in low-carbon electricity sources.

Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember and IEA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Bangladesh?

The recent trends in electricity consumption in Bangladesh raise some concerns. The total electricity consumption per capita in 2025 has decreased to 608 kWh from a previous high of 649 kWh recorded in 2022, reflecting a decline of 42 kWh. This decline in overall consumption may suggest stagnation or underutilization of potential energy demand. On a more positive note, low-carbon electricity has slightly increased, up to 13 kWh per person from a previous high of 12 kWh set in 2024. This small step forward in clean electricity generation offers hope for further growth but still indicates that much more needs to be done.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Bangladesh can look to successful regions for guidance. Countries like Slovakia and France lead the way in nuclear energy, producing around 67% and 69% respectively, showcasing a reliable path toward clean and vast electricity generation. Similarly, Iowa and South Dakota in the U.S. generate 60% and 57% of their electricity from wind power. Bangladesh could substantially benefit from both nuclear and solar energy expansion strategies. Lessons learned from Lebanon, achieving around 31% of its electricity from solar, provide a testament to the potential for solar energy, a highly scalable solution that aligns well with Bangladesh's geographic and climatic conditions. By embracing nuclear and solar power, Bangladesh can significantly enhance its sustainable electricity generation.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Bangladesh reflects a series of inconsistencies mainly associated with hydroelectric power. In the 1980s and 1990s, fluctuations in hydro generation were noted, with minor increases and decreases. Notably, between 1994 and 1996, there was a modest gain followed by a substantial decrease in 1995. The early 2000s continued with these fluctuations, with 2009 marking a significant drop. More recent years have seen a focus on solar power, with consistent small increments from 2021 to 2025, suggesting some momentum toward solar energy utilization. In 2024, both hydro and solar saw increases, further highlighting the potential of low-carbon sources. However, the patterns reflect a need for consistent investment and strategic policy changes to fully embrace and expand low-carbon electricity, particularly through solar and nuclear avenues.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade