In 2025, Puerto Rico's electricity mix is heavily reliant on fossil fuels, which make up more than 97% of the island's electricity production. Gas accounts for almost half of this, while coal provides around 19%. On the other hand, low-carbon energy sources contribute a very small portion, with solar generating about 1.4% and wind close to 1.2%. This indicates that despite global movements towards cleaner energy, Puerto Rico remains largely dependent on fossil fuels, which have detrimental effects through climate change and air pollution, and has not meaningfully embraced sustainable alternatives.

Data sources used on this page include EIA and Ember. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Puerto Rico?

Puerto Rico's electricity consumption has not been growing; in fact, it has decreased significantly when compared to previous records. In 2025, the total electricity consumption is 5048 kWh per person, which shows a decline of over 1500 kWh from its peak in 2006. Specifically focusing on low-carbon generation, recent trends are worrying, with the low-carbon electricity generation dropping to 134 kWh per person from the previous year's record of 338 kWh per person, a decrease of over 200 kWh. This lack of growth in overall and clean energy consumption is concerning, particularly given the need to sustain future demand driven by electrification and technological advancements like AI.

Suggestions

To boost its low-carbon electricity generation, Puerto Rico can learn from regions successfully integrating solar and nuclear power. For example, Nevada and California harness over 30% of their electricity from solar, demonstrating the potential for substantial solar power utilization. Furthermore, states like New Hampshire, producing more than half their electricity through nuclear, highlight the viability of nuclear energy as a clean energy source. By investing in both solar and nuclear power, Puerto Rico can reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and ensure a sustainable future for its electricity needs.

History

Historically, Puerto Rico's transition towards low-carbon electricity has been slow, with early developments in hydro resources showing minimal and fluctuating contributions throughout the 1980s and 1990s. More recently, the island witnessed intermittent growth in wind and solar energy, starting in 2013 with wind and continuing with solar from 2018 onwards. However, the reduction in solar capacity by 2025 suggests an inconsistent commitment to expanding clean energy sources. Now more than ever, consistent policy support and investment are critical for Puerto Rico to advance its green energy transition.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade