Electricity in Puerto Rico in 2024/2025
Over the past year, from July 2024 to June 2025, Puerto Rico has primarily relied on fossil fuels for its electricity consumption, with more than 97% of its electricity generated from fossil energy sources. Gas and coal are the predominant contributors, accounting for approximately 39% and almost 20%, respectively. In stark contrast, low-carbon energy sources have played a minimal role, contributing just above 2%. Wind and solar power each supply about 1.3%, showing a small but critical presence. However, this significant dependency on fossil fuels highlights an urgent need for a transition toward a more sustainable energy mix to mitigate the adverse effects associated with fossil fuel-based electricity, such as climate change and air pollution.
Is Electricity Growing in Puerto Rico?
In assessing whether electricity consumption is growing in Puerto Rico, current numbers indicate a decline. The latest statistics show an electricity consumption of 4951 kWh per person, a significant decrease of more than 1600 kWh from the previous peak in 2006. Low-carbon electricity generation has also dropped, seeing a decrease of over 200 kWh per person compared to its record in 2024, falling to just 125 kWh per person. This decline in both total and low-carbon electricity generation is concerning, as it suggests a regression in the growth of clean electricity availability, which is critical in supporting a sustainable energy transition.
Suggestions
To enhance low-carbon electricity generation, Puerto Rico can draw valuable lessons from successful regions. Countries like France and Slovakia have demonstrated substantial success with nuclear energy, sourcing over 60% of their electricity from this clean source. Furthermore, states such as Iowa and South Dakota have excelled in wind power, generating above 60%. Adopting a similar strategy, Puerto Rico could significantly bolster its wind capacity, taking advantage of its geographical conditions. Meanwhile, emphasizing the expansion of solar energy, as evidenced by regions like Arizona and Nevada, can further enable Puerto Rico to exploit its abundant sunlight effectively. By prioritizing nuclear and solar energy development, Puerto Rico can pave the way for a cleaner, more resilient electricity supply.
History
In the historical context, the evolution of low-carbon electricity in Puerto Rico depicts fluctuating developments, especially concerning hydroelectric contributions in the early years, with negligible net growth. Not much progress was noted until the 2010s, when wind and solar energy began to play a more noticeable role. Wind electricity saw a small increase beginning in 2013, while notable strides in solar power emerged in 2018, adding consistently until 2022. However, a significant setback occurred in 2025 with a decline in solar production. Such setbacks highlight the urgency for a steadfast commitment to expanding and stabilizing low-carbon electricity sources. By reinforcing its clean energy initiatives, Puerto Rico can chart a sustainable path towards energy independence and security.