Electricity in Puerto Rico in 2023

As of 2023, Puerto Rico's electricity consumption remains overwhelmingly reliant on fossil fuels, with nearly 98% of its electricity generated from these sources. Just over a third of the electricity comes from gas, while coal contributes approximately 16%. On the other hand, low-carbon or clean energy sources, such as solar, represent a mere 2% of the electricity mix, with solar energy specifically accounting for about 1.3%. This heavy dependence on fossil fuels has significant implications for both the environment and public health, primarily due to the emissions that contribute to climate change and air pollution.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Puerto Rico can learn from the successes of other countries in harnessing nuclear, wind, and solar power. Denmark, for example, generates more than half of its electricity from wind power, while Uruguay achieves a similar accomplishment with over a third of its electricity coming from wind. For a more diversified approach, Puerto Rico might consider France’s effective use of nuclear energy, which provides 65% of its electricity. Likewise, Small Island Developing States like Cape Verde and Vanuatu successfully incorporate a mix of wind and solar, generating 14% each from these sources. By analyzing these examples, Puerto Rico can adapt and implement strategies that best utilize its geographic and economic conditions to significantly boost low-carbon electricity generation.

History

The historical data of low-carbon electricity generation in Puerto Rico shows fluctuating and generally limited growth. In the late 20th century, the contribution of hydroelectric power was inconsistent, with minor increases and occasional decreases, such as a decline by 0.2 TWh in 1990 and a small rise of 0.1 TWh in 1999. The early 21st century saw stagnation and slight reductions in hydroelectric power, culminating in a notable decline in 2012. Wind energy began to make a modest impact in 2013 with an increase of 0.2 TWh but remained relatively stagnant in subsequent years. Solar energy, after varying small changes, saw a positive uptick in 2019 with an increase of 0.2 TWh. This history underscores the need for strategic investment and development in low-carbon technologies to achieve a more robust and sustainable electricity generation system moving forward.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources