Electricity in Puerto Rico in 2024
Puerto Rico's current electricity consumption primarily depends on fossil fuels, with more than 90% of its electricity coming from these sources. Gas contributes nearly a quarter of the total electricity consumption, while coal adds almost 19%. On the other hand, low-carbon energy accounts for a small fraction of the total electricity consumption in Puerto Rico, at slightly less than 6%. Within this cleaner category, solar power represents a bit more than 4%, and wind energy contributes just over 1%. The reliance on fossil fuels highlights a significant opportunity and need for Puerto Rico to transition towards more sustainable sources to benefit both the environment and its energy security.
Is Electricity Growing in Puerto Rico?
In terms of electricity consumption per person, Puerto Rico has seen a decline from the peak it experienced in 2006. In 2024, the consumption was 5810 kWh/person, which is a decrease of about 800 kWh/person from the record in 2006. However, it is important to note that low-carbon electricity saw a slight increase, with the latest records showing 338 kWh/person, up by 8 kWh/person from its previous peak in 2022. This demonstrates a growing interest and investment in clean energy sources, albeit at a very slow pace. The general reduction in electricity consumption could be a result of various factors, including economic changes or efficiency improvements, but the slow growth in low-carbon sources is concerning and indicates that more aggressive action is needed to expand these cleaner technologies.
Suggestions
To significantly increase low-carbon electricity generation, Puerto Rico could draw inspiration from successful regions around the world. For instance, Lebanon has made impressive strides in solar energy, generating over 30% of its electricity from this source. Similarly, regions like Denmark and Iowa have harnessed wind power to provide around half to over 60% of their electricity. In considering nuclear energy, France leads with 68% of its electricity coming from this reliable option. By investing in both solar and nuclear infrastructure, Puerto Rico could substantially reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and increase its energy resilience, creating a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.
History
Historically, Puerto Rico's low-carbon electricity generation has been quite limited, with some fluctuations in hydroelectric capacity. In the 1980s and 1990s, there were minor changes, with a few small increases and decreases in hydroelectric generation. However, it was not until the 2010s that we saw clearer progress with the introduction of wind and solar energies. Starting in 2013, wind energy began to make a tangible impact, albeit modest, while solar power gradually increased from 2018 onwards. This period reflects a growing awareness and action towards diversifying energy sources, even though advances have been incremental. The most recent data from 2024 show a slight yet positive uptick in wind generation, indicating a hopeful yet slow journey towards increasing green energy contributions.