From July 2025 through June 2026, Massachusetts relied on net imports for more than half of its electricity consumption—about 57%. Fossil fuels supplied another 27%, almost entirely gas at 26%, with oil contributing about 1%. Identified low-carbon generation supplied about 14% of consumption, led by solar at 11%. This included roughly 7% from behind-the-meter solar, such as rooftop systems, and 4% from utility-scale solar. Biofuels and wind each contributed about 1%. The supplied data do not identify the electricity sources behind net imports, so those imports cannot be classified as either clean or fossil electricity.

Is Electricity Growing in Massachusetts?

Electricity consumption per person is growing in Massachusetts, although modestly. The latest 2026 figure reached about 8,600 kWh per person, surpassing the previous record of roughly 8,500 kWh in 2025 by 97 kWh, or just over 1%. Low-carbon electricity generation grew faster, reaching 1,230 kWh per person—86 kWh above its 2025 record of 1,144 kWh, an increase of about 8%. These are encouraging records, especially the stronger growth in clean generation. However, per-person figures alone do not establish how much total statewide electricity consumption increased.

Suggestions

Massachusetts should build on solar’s existing contribution by expanding rooftop, commercial, and utility-scale installations, alongside grid upgrades and storage. The US states of California and Nevada, where solar supplies about 31% and 35% of electricity generation respectively, offer useful examples of large-scale deployment, while Massachusetts should tailor those lessons to its own conditions. Nearby nuclear leaders are particularly relevant: nuclear supplies about 52% of generation in the US state of New Hampshire and 36% in the US state of Connecticut. Massachusetts should consider new nuclear generation and regional partnerships that expand dependable low-carbon electricity supply. Wind can also contribute more: the US state of Maine generates about 18% of its electricity from wind. Together, expanded solar, nuclear, and wind could support electrification and growing AI-related demand while reducing dependence on fossil generation and its associated climate and air-pollution impacts.

History

The supplied history shows a mixed recent picture for Massachusetts’s low-carbon electricity. In 2024 and 2025, wind generation was unchanged, while hydroelectric generation fell by 0.4 TWh in 2024 before remaining flat in 2025. Biofuel generation was unchanged in 2024 and declined by 0.1 TWh in 2025. In 2026, wind delivered a welcome increase of 0.4 TWh, although hydroelectric generation declined by another 0.1 TWh and biofuel generation remained flat. The earlier stagnation and hydroelectric declines underscore the importance of sustained clean-electricity expansion, while the latest wind growth is encouraging. This historical series does not include solar or nuclear changes, so it cannot establish their trajectories.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

* 12M = Last 12 months (Jul 2025 – Jun 2026) — a rolling 12-month period, not a calendar year.