In 2025, Kentucky's electricity consumption remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels, making up more than three-quarters of the total, with coal being the predominant source at close to three-fifths and natural gas contributing nearly a quarter. Low-carbon energy sources make up a small portion, with hydropower contributing almost 5%, and solar accounting for a little over 2% of electricity consumption. The net imports of electricity into Kentucky are just over a tenth. This disproportionate reliance on fossil energy underscores the significant scope for enhancing clean energy generation within the state.

Data sources used on this page include EIA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Kentucky?

Electricity consumption in Kentucky has shown growth, reaching 18,133 kWh per person in 2025, reflecting an increase of 947 kWh compared to 2024. This growth also extends to low-carbon electricity generation, which rose by 239 kWh to 1,317 kWh per person. Such progress highlights emerging shifts towards cleaner energy sources, albeit from a small base. However, with the current share of low-carbon electricity remaining modest, Kentucky must bolster efforts to increase clean energy contributions to meet the rising demand and reduce its dependency on fossil fuels.

Suggestions

Drawing inspiration from both successful states and countries, Kentucky can significantly benefit by expanding solar and nuclear energy infrastructure. For solar, Kentucky could look towards regions such as North Macedonia, Nevada, and California, where solar power contributes significantly to electricity generation. Regarding nuclear energy, states like South Carolina and Illinois offer promising examples, as do countries like France and Slovakia, where nuclear energy plays a major role in providing sustainable electricity. Implementing such strategies will not only enhance low-carbon electricity generation but also support Kentucky's economic and environmental goals.

History

Historically, the contribution of low-carbon electricity in Kentucky has experienced very limited change, with hydropower showing minimal fluctuations. In 2024, hydropower witnessed a modest increase of 0.2 TWh, which was then offset by a decrease of the same amount in 2025, while biofuels showed no change in both years. This stagnation in clean electricity sources is concerning and reflects a pressing need for strategic interventions to enhance sustainable energy generation. Kentucky must prioritize expanding solar and nuclear infrastructure to foster a reliable and clean electricity future, ensuring resilience and reduced environmental impact.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade