Electricity in Nigeria in 2023/2024

In the time frame from November 2023 to October 2024, Nigeria's electricity generation shows a clear reliance on fossil fuels, with gas accounting for more than half of the total electricity produced, at approximately 24 TWh. In contrast, low-carbon sources, primarily hydropower, comprise almost a third of the total, contributing close to 8 TWh. The per capita electricity consumption in Nigeria significantly falls short of the global average of 3638 watts per person, reflecting low levels of electricity generation. This shortfall can result in several consequences, including limited industrial growth, hindered economic development, and adverse effects on quality of life, including insufficient power for healthcare facilities and education.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Nigeria can look towards examples from countries that have successfully expanded their use of clean energy technologies. For instance, India's significant progress in solar energy, generating 128 TWh, and wind energy at 91 TWh, showcases the potential for growth in these sectors, relevant to Nigeria given its similar economic development challenges. Similarly, Brazil's use of wind energy, with output reaching 102 TWh, is another exemplary model, especially considering the similar geographic advantages for wind power expansion. By investing in infrastructure and technology for solar and wind energy, Nigeria can significantly diversify its energy mix, decrease reliance on fossil fuels, and reduce environmental pollution, thereby enabling sustainable energy development.

History

Historically, hydropower, as the primary low-carbon electricity source in Nigeria, has experienced fluctuations over the decades. Notable expansions occurred in years such as 1991 with an increase of 1.5 TWh and in 2002 with a massive boost of 2.3 TWh. However, the growth has not been constant. The early 2000s saw several declines, like in 2006 and 2009, with reductions of 1.5 TWh and 1.2 TWh respectively, indicating instability possibly tied to fluctuating water resources or inadequate infrastructure. More recent gains, such as in 2010 and subsequent years like 2015 and 2016, suggest periods of recovery. By maintaining consistent investments in infrastructure and incorporating complementary technologies like solar and wind, Nigeria can stabilize and expand its clean energy generation.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources