Electricity in Nigeria in 2023/2024

From November 2023 to October 2024, Nigeria's electricity consumption showed a heavy reliance on fossil fuel sources, with fossil-derived sources such as natural gas contributing approximately 24.2 TWh, making up close to three-quarters of the total electricity generated. In contrast, low-carbon sources such as hydropower accounted for only 7.91 TWh, just over a fifth of the total electricity produced. With the global average electricity consumption per person at around 3638 watts, Nigeria's considerably lower generation restricts access to reliable electricity, potentially impacting economic growth, educational opportunities, and overall quality of life.

Suggestions

Nigeria can significantly bolster its low-carbon electricity generation by utilizing lessons from other nations. For instance, Nigeria could look at Brazil, which has developed significant wind energy, or India, with substantial strides in solar energy generation. China and the United States also serve as robust examples, having invested heavily in a balanced expansion of wind, solar, and nuclear power, thereby enhancing their clean energy output considerably. By focusing on solar and wind, Nigeria can harness its abundant natural resources, while investments in nuclear energy provide a powerful and steady supply of clean electricity that can contribute to the country's long-term energy security.

History

Historically, Nigeria's journey with low-carbon electricity generation has been primarily through hydropower. In the early 1980s, there were fluctuations in hydroelectric output, including a decrease in 1981 and 1983, followed by increases in the mid-1980s. The 1990s witnessed both ups and downs, with a notable increase in 1991. Entering the 21st century, there were further fluctuations, with considerable increases in 2002 and 2010, while 2006 and 2009 saw declines. Recent years showed another promising increase in 2015 and 2016. Despite these changes, the overall contribution of low-carbon sources to Nigeria's electricity mix has remained insufficient compared to the country's needs, highlighting the urgency of diversifying into more low-carbon options like solar, wind, and nuclear energy.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources