Electricity in Colombia in 2023

As of the year 2023, Colombia's electricity consumption exhibits a commendable reliance on low-carbon energy. The production of hydropower contributes the most, generating over 54 TWh. Simultaneously, fossil fuels such as gas, coal, and oil cumulatively contribute nearly 29 TWh. Although the use of fossil fuels remains high, its contribution is just over half of that produced by hydropower, subtly reflecting Colombia's drive towards more sustainable sources of energy. Despite the commendable strides, the total energy consumption per person in Colombia is considerably less than the global average of 410 watts. This lower rate of electricity consumption could be the result of various factors, including an underdeveloped energy infrastructure or a lower industrial output, which might imply constraints on the country's economic growth and quality of life.

Suggestions

For an environment-friendly progression, Colombia could take inspiration from Brazil and Spain, countries with comparable climates and geographical landscapes. Brazil is successfully harnessing wind energy, generating approximately 94 TWh, while Spain uses a balanced mix of wind and solar energy, yielding 61 TWh and 40 TWh respectively. Geographically favorable for renewable resources like wind and solar, Colombia could significantly boost its low-carbon energy production by implementing advanced technologies adopted by these nations for harnessing wind and solar energy. Colombia's tropical climate could also support an extensive implementation of solar power similar to that of Spain's.

History

Colombia's history of low-carbon electricity has been mainly centered on hydropower, with noteworthy variations from the mid 1980s to the early 2020s. The last decades of the 20th century saw hydropower generation experiencing ups and downs, going from an increase of 2.9 TWh in 1986 to a decrease of 5.4 TWh in 1992, though not without rebounding to positive numbers in intervening years. The early 21st century also saw fluctuating trends, with significant peaks of 8.4 TWh in 2011 and 13 TWh in 2017 despite a few downfalls. Most recent data points to a drop of 7.4 TWh in 2023, serving as a potent reminder of the volatile nature of hydropower. This over-reliance on a single low-carbon source may necessitate the diversification of Colombia's green energy portfolio towards more consistent and reliable sources such as nuclear, wind, and solar power.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources