Electricity in Pakistan in 2024

In 2024, Pakistan’s electricity consumption is almost evenly split between fossil and low-carbon sources, with fossil fuels accounting for slightly more than half, at 53%, and low-carbon sources contributing almost 47% of the country’s electricity. Among fossil fuels, gas is the most significant, generating about a quarter of Pakistan's electricity, followed by coal. Low-carbon energy sources are led by hydropower and nuclear, each contributing a substantial share of around 19% and 13% respectively. Solar power is beginning to play a notable role, providing more than 10% of the electricity, while wind and biofuels together contribute a smaller fraction.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity, Pakistan could focus on expanding its existing nuclear and solar capacity, which are already significant contributors to the energy mix. Learning from countries like France and Slovakia, which derive a large majority of their electricity from nuclear power, Pakistan can further invest in nuclear technology to secure a stable, clean energy supply. Similarly, looking at Lebanon and Greece, which have successfully harnessed over 20% of their electricity from solar energy, Pakistan has the potential to further develop its solar infrastructure. Such advancements would not only reduce reliance on fossil fuels but also combat the severe environmental impacts associated with them, such as air pollution and climate change.

History

Historically, Pakistan has seen various fluctuations in its low-carbon electricity generation, with hydro and nuclear playing central roles. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, hydropower received various boosts, while the late 1990s saw declines due to some setbacks. The early 2000s marked a comeback for hydropower, but inconsistencies persisted through the decade. Nuclear power gained momentum in recent years, particularly from 2017 onward, with substantial annual increases. The rapid expansion of nuclear power continued through 2021 and 2022, suggesting a positive trend towards low-carbon generation. Recent years have also seen solar energy taking off significantly, marking an encouraging shift towards sustainable electricity generation.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources