Electricity in Pakistan in 2023

As of 2023, Pakistan's electricity generation amounts to just above 200 terawatt-hours (TWh), which is relatively low compared to the global average consumption of 410 watts per person. In terms of composition, slightly more than half of this electricity is derived from low-carbon sources with hydropower making up almost a fifth of the total, followed closely by nuclear energy. Fossil energies, split between gas and coal, account for close to the remaining half. However, contributions from wind and solar are remarkably low, making up only a bit over 2% of the total electricity generation. The low levels of electricity generation create stark implications, potentially leading to energy deficits, slowed industrial progress, and an over-reliance on fossil fuels that fuel climate change and air pollution.

Suggestions

Taking a glimpse at global data, it’s evident that Pakistan can significantly increase its low-carbon energy mix by amplifying existing nuclear capacities and harnessing more wind and solar energy. These are proven technologies in the country and capable of making the transition away from fossil fuels, as demonstrated by countries such as the United States, which is a leading generator of nuclear energy, or China and Germany, which have made substantial strides in wind and solar generation. Smack in the neighborhood, India's steady increase in solar electricity generation presents a viable template for Pakistan to emulate.

History

Looking back at the history of low-carbon electricity generation in Pakistan, it is clear that there has been a growing interest in this sector. In the late 20th century, hydropower electricity generation saw a slow but steady increase, with net positive changes in most years from 1987 to 2002. However, this progress was marred by occasional periods of decline, such as between 1996 and 2000, and again between 2007 and 2010. However, the trend towards low-carbon energy was revived in the first two decades of the 21st century. This shift is marked by a substantial increase in hydroelectricity generation in 2018 and an encouraging rise in nuclear electricity generation since 2017. Despite the variable journey, these intermittent periods of intensification in low-carbon electricity generation give hope towards Pakistan's prospects in embracing a greener, more sustainable future in energy production.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources