Electricity in Haiti in 2022

In 2022, Haiti's electricity consumption was significantly below the global average of 3638 watts per person, highlighting substantial gaps in energy access. The majority of Haiti’s electricity generation relies heavily on fossil fuels, with low-carbon sources such as hydroelectric power contributing very little to the energy mix. This reliance on fossil fuels is concerning, as it not only impacts the environment through increased greenhouse gas emissions but also exposes the nation to the volatility of global fuel prices. Furthermore, limited electricity generation can impede economic growth, as industries may struggle to operate efficiently, and households experience reduced access to vital services including healthcare and education.

Suggestions

To boost low-carbon electricity generation, Haiti can draw inspiration from other nations that have successfully expanded their green energy sectors. For instance, Brazil and India have achieved significant wind and solar output, respectively generating 102 TWh from wind and 128 TWh from solar, by investing in infrastructure and adopting policies that encourage private and public sector investments in these technologies. Additionally, investing in nuclear energy, akin to countries like South Korea and the United Arab Emirates, which generate substantial portions of their electricity from nuclear sources, can provide Haiti with a stable and reliable energy supply that complements other clean energy sources. Emulating these strategies, Haiti could establish a diverse and resilient energy sector, enhancing energy independence and reducing environmental impacts.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Haiti, particularly hydroelectric power, has seen modest developments since the 1970s. In the early 1970s, there was a negligible increase in hydroelectric output, which remained relatively stagnant throughout the subsequent decades, with small and sporadic increases and decreases. Notably, there were brief increases in production in the late 1980s, mid-1990s, and intermittent years in the early 2000s. Despite these minor fluctuations, the overall contribution of hydroelectric power to Haiti's energy mix has remained small. This pattern underscores the need for a strategic shift towards expanding low-carbon technologies such as solar, wind, and nuclear power, which offer greater potential for sustainable development and improved energy security.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources