As of 2024, Kazakhstan's electricity consumption primarily relies on fossil fuels, which account for a significant portion of its energy mix. More than half of Kazakhstan's electricity is generated from coal, and almost a third comes from gas, making the fossil fuel contribution to total consumption roughly 84%. On the other hand, Kazakhstan's low-carbon or clean energy sources, including hydropower, wind, and solar, contribute close to 15% of the electricity mix. Among these clean energy types, hydropower generates the most electricity, followed by wind and solar. Oil and net imports play a minor role in the overall energy mix, reflecting an energy landscape that is still heavily dependent on fossil fuels.
Data sources used on this page include Ember, Energy Institute and IEA. More about data sources →
Is Electricity Growing in Kazakhstan?
Kazakhstan's total electricity consumption has not yet surpassed its previous record set in 1990. In 2024, the electricity consumption stands at 5802 kWh per person, slightly lower than the 1990 figure of 6105 kWh per person. This indicates a decline of a few hundred kWh per person over the years, which might be concerning given the increasing global trends towards electrification. However, the country has made commendable progress in expanding its low-carbon electricity generation, with recent data showing an increase to 855 kWh per person compared to the previous year's high of 708 kWh per person. This growth in low-carbon generation demonstrates a positive shift towards cleaner sources, which is an encouraging step in the broader context of reducing dependency on fossil fuels.
Suggestions
To further increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Kazakhstan can draw inspiration from regions that have successfully harnessed solar and nuclear energy. For instance, Slovakia and France have achieved high percentages of electricity generation from nuclear power at approximately two-thirds of their total electricity mix, showcasing the potential of nuclear as a reliable and clean energy source. Similarly, Denmark and Iowa have effectively utilized wind power for the majority of their electricity needs. By investing in the development of nuclear power infrastructure and maximizing its vast solar potential, akin to regions like Nevada and California, Kazakhstan can significantly boost its clean energy share. Embracing such sustainable strategies will help Kazakhstan progress towards a more secure and environmentally friendly energy future, ultimately reducing the greenhouse gas emissions and other negative impacts associated with fossil fuels.
