In 2022, Guadeloupe sourced more than half of its electricity from fossil fuels, with approximately 65% of its electricity generated from fossil sources. Among the low-carbon options, biofuels were the most significant, contributing around 15% of the electricity mix. The clean energy sector provided nearly 35% of the island's electricity, with solar and wind energy each contributing nearly 7%, and geothermal adding around 6%. The data indicates a substantial reliance on fossil energy, though a notable portion of the electricity comes from low-carbon sources, demonstrating a foundation for a more environmentally-friendly energy transition.
Is Electricity Growing in Guadeloupe?
Despite the global trend towards higher electricity consumption driven by increased electrification, Guadeloupe saw a slight decline in overall electricity use per person in 2022 compared to its previous record in 2016. Consumption per capita was approximately 4264 kWh, down by 111 kWh from the historic high of 4375 kWh. However, a positive development was witnessed in the realm of low-carbon electricity generation. The island reached a new record of 1482 kWh per person, surpassing the previous record in 2021 by 79 kWh. This growth in low-carbon energy is encouraging and a step in the right direction for sustainable development.
Suggestions
To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Guadeloupe can take inspiration from regions that have successfully integrated solar and nuclear power into their energy portfolios. For instance, countries like France successfully generate around 68% of their electricity from nuclear power, showcasing the potential for nuclear energy to be a cornerstone of clean electricity. Additionally, regions such as Lebanon have managed to achieve 31% of electricity generation from solar power, highlighting the significance of harnessing solar energy in sunny climates like Guadeloupe’s. By exploring these strategic options, the island can progressively shift towards a more sustainable electricity future.
History
Historically, Guadeloupe's journey toward low-carbon electricity generation has been marked by gradual developments. In the 2000s, biofuels maintained a stable presence in the energy mix with no significant fluctuations. Since 2005, there have been incremental steps in geothermal development, although these efforts have plateaued in recent years. The emergence of solar power started in 2012, contributing a small but crucial 0.1 TWh to the grid. In recent years, specifically from 2021 onwards, biofuels have seen a modest increase in generation. While these efforts are commendable, there is a clear need for more decisive action and innovation, particularly in expanding green energy sources like solar and nuclear, to enhance the sustainability of Guadeloupe's electricity supply.