Electricity in Syria in 2022

In 2022, Syria's electricity generation was predominantly dependent on fossil fuels, making up an overwhelming 95% of its total production. Of this, more than half came from gas-powered sources. Low-carbon electricity, a stark contrast, accounted for just under 5%, with hydropower being the primary contributor, supplying almost all of the clean electricity in the country. Unfortunately, alternatives like nuclear, wind, and solar energy are yet to make significant inroads, indicating a heavy reliance on fossil fuels, leading to concerns about climate change and air pollution that accompany such an energy mix.

Suggestions

To increase its low-carbon electricity generation, Syria could look at strategies implemented by other countries. Nuclear power is a potential avenue, as seen in regions like France and Slovakia, where it constitutes over half of the electricity generated. Similarly, wind energy has seen significant adoption in countries like Denmark and Uruguay, contributing around 60% and over a third to their electricity mix, respectively. Syria's geographical and climatic conditions may also allow for solar energy expansion, as demonstrated by neighbors like Jordan, where solar accounts for more than 10% of their electricity. By studying these examples, Syria can adopt a tailored approach integrating nuclear, wind, and solar energy to diversify its energy sources and enhance its sustainable electricity generation.

History

Syria's historical journey with low-carbon electricity has been primarily linked to hydropower, with some fluctuations over the decades. In the early 1980s, there were modest increases in hydropower generation, paving the way for a more prominent role in the country's green electricity landscape. However, the following years experienced ups and downs; notable increases occurred around the years 2000 and 2010, though they were often offset by declines, such as during the mid-2000s and again around 2015 when generation dropped significantly. Despite these challenges, hydropower remains a consistent component of Syria's clean energy efforts, though greater stability and diversification into other low-carbon sources could bolster its future electricity landscape.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources