In Belarus in 2024, electricity consumption showcases a clear division between fossil energy sources and low-carbon energy. Fossil energy, primarily driven by gas, accounts for almost 60% of electricity generation, with gas contributing close to all of that share. On the other hand, low-carbon sources make up just over 39% of the electricity supply, predominantly from nuclear power, which alone contributes more than 36% of the total electricity consumption. Biofuels offer a minimal contribution to this low-carbon mix, adding slightly more than 1%. An additional modest input comes from net imports, which account for approximately 1.35% of the electricity. The emphasis on clean energy generation, mainly through nuclear power, shows a commendable commitment toward reducing carbon emissions, although a continuous push for wider adoption is necessary.
Is Electricity Growing in Belarus?
When examining whether electricity consumption is growing in Belarus, it is clear that there has been a positive trend. In 2024, the total electricity consumption per person reached 5039 kWh, surpassing the previous high recorded in 1991 by 218 kWh per person. This increase reflects a steady and promising growth in electricity usage. Furthermore, low-carbon electricity generation per person saw a significant increase, reaching 1969 kWh in 2024, a notable rise of 535 kWh compared to the previous year’s record. This growth underscores Belarus’s progress toward a cleaner energy portfolio and aligns with global trends of increasing electricity consumption essential for modern development and the integration of new technologies.
Suggestions
For Belarus to further enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, expanding nuclear power would be a strategic move given its current substantial contribution and potential for growth. Learning from countries with significant low-carbon shares can provide guidance. For instance, Slovakia's reliance on nuclear power for 62% of its electricity presents a model for maximizing nuclear energy's potential. Additionally, France, with its impressive 68% nuclear generation share, highlights the viability and efficacy of scaling up this clean energy source. By adopting similar strategies and potentially exploring additional solar power, Belarus can bolster its energy independence and sustainability, paving the way for a greener future.
History
Examining the history of low-carbon electricity generation in Belarus reveals a mix of advancements and setbacks. In the early years, there were gradual but modest increases, with a 0.1 TWh rise in hydro in 2013. From 2016 to 2020, minor contributions from wind, solar, and biofuels appeared, while hydro experienced fluctuations, including a minor drop in 2018. A significant shift began in 2021 with the introduction of nuclear power, marking a 5.4 TWh increase that year. However, 2022 saw a worrying dip with a 1.1 TWh reduction in nuclear output, underscoring the need for consistency and growth in sustainable sources. The successful efforts, however, shone through in 2023 and 2024 with notable gains in nuclear capacity, highlighting a dedication to replacing fossil fuels and fostering an effective clean energy transition.
Electrification
We estimate the degree of electrification by comparing electricity and total energy emissions. More about methodology.