In 2023, Fiji's electricity sector showcases a dynamic mix of energy sources. Clean energy makes up more than half, with low-carbon sources contributing around 63% of electricity generation, demonstrating a commendable commitment to sustainability. Of this, hydropower is the dominant contributor, accounting for over 52% of the electricity mix. Meanwhile, biofuels contribute about 10%, though this remains a contentious choice. At the same time, fossil fuels still hold a substantial grip, making up nearly 37% of Fiji's electricity generation. This reliance on fossil fuels presents ongoing challenges, particularly concerning climate change and air pollution.
Is Electricity Growing in Fiji?
Examining the trends in Fiji's electricity consumption reveals a slight decline, with 2023 seeing an average electricity use of 1,244 kilowatt-hours per person, a small drop from the previous record of 1,246 kilowatt-hours per person in 2019. This stagnation is concerning, as it reflects a broader issue of limited growth in the sector. Encouragingly, the production of low-carbon electricity has increased, reaching a new high of 790 kilowatt-hours per person, which is up by 47 from 2020’s record of 743 kilowatt-hours per person. This uptick in clean electricity generation is a positive sign, but comprehensive growth in overall electricity consumption is essential to support future demand.
Suggestions
To further enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Fiji can draw lessons from several leading regions around the world. For instance, nuclear energy has been successfully utilized in countries like France, where it constitutes 69% of the energy mix, showcasing its potential for consistent and reliable electricity production. Additionally, regions such as Denmark and Uruguay demonstrate the success of wind energy, with 57% and 34% of their electricity coming from wind, respectively. Moreover, solar energy offers significant potential, as seen in Cyprus and Australia, where it contributes about 21%. By investing in nuclear and solar energies, Fiji can strengthen its energy security and reduce its dependence on fossil fuels.
History
The history of low-carbon electricity generation in Fiji reflects a gradual but positive transformation. In the mid-1980s and early 1990s, there were notable increases in hydropower output, including a significant boost in 1984 and steady growth in 1990. The turn of the millennium witnessed minor expansions, with biofuels contributing 0.1 TWh in 2000, showing the initial diversification in energy sources. The early 2000s saw both gains and slight declines in hydropower, indicating a period of adjustment. From 2007 onwards, there was a consistent upward trend, especially notable again in 2018 with gains from biofuels as well as hydropower. However, 2022 saw a slight dip in biofuels, but by 2023, biofuels managed to recover. Overall, Fiji's journey reflects a steady commitment to clean energy, although there remains ample room for amplifying these efforts through diverse and robust strategies like solar and nuclear expansion.