In 2023, the electricity consumption landscape in Turkmenistan is overwhelmingly dominated by fossil fuels, with close to 100% of the electricity being generated from gas. More than half of the country's electricity still relies on these carbon-intensive sources. The contribution from low-carbon or clean energy sources is close to none, at a mere 0.03%. This stark imbalance signifies a heavy reliance on fossil fuels, with little to no incorporation of sustainable energy technologies in the current electricity generation mix. Such dependence on gas is of concern due to its environmental implications, notably contributing to climate change and air pollution.

Data sources used on this page include EIA, Ember, Energy Institute and IEA. More about data sources →

Is Electricity Growing in Turkmenistan?

Electricity consumption in Turkmenistan has seen a marginal increase in recent years. As of 2023, the average electricity consumption per person reached 4,588 kWh, surpassing the previous high of 4,509 kWh per person recorded in 2022. This represents an increase of 79 kWh per person, which, although small, indicates some growth. However, it is important to note the negligible contribution from low-carbon sources, which is 1 kWh per person—a stark decrease from the 186 kWh per person recorded in 1990. This reduction in clean energy generation is a point of concern, suggesting that Turkmenistan has been moving away from the progress it once made in harnessing low-carbon electricity.

Suggestions

To enhance its low-carbon electricity generation, Turkmenistan could look towards regions that successfully harness solar and nuclear energy. France, Slovakia, and Ukraine, for example, generate over half of their electricity using nuclear power. Similarly, states like Iowa and South Dakota rely heavily on wind energy, proving its feasibility. Solar power can also be a viable solution, as seen in countries like Lebanon and states like Nevada, where solar contributes significantly to their electricity mix. By studying these regions, Turkmenistan can implement similar strategies to diversify its energy sources, which will not only help reduce its carbon emissions but also ensure a more sustainable future for energy consumption.

History

The history of low-carbon electricity in Turkmenistan, particularly through hydroelectric power, shows limited development. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, hydropower generation was stagnant, with a minor increase in 1990. However, this was followed by a decline in 1992, negating any prior progress. From 1993 onwards, there has been consistently no change in hydropower generation, indicating a lack of commitment to expanding low-carbon electricity. This stagnation through the decades reflects missed opportunities to invest in clean energy resources and diversify away from fossil fuels. Turkmenistan's energy policy needs a decisive shift towards adopting and investing in clean electricity solutions to overcome these historical setbacks.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade