Electricity in Turkmenistan in 2022

As of 2022, electricity consumption in Turkmenistan is heavily dependent on fossil fuels, with virtually 100% of its electricity being generated from these sources. This indicates that low-carbon or clean energy options are practically nonexistent within the country's electricity mix. Relying extensively on fossil fuels can have significant downsides, including contributing to climate change and causing air pollution, both of which can have adverse effects on public health and the environment. Therefore, this heavy reliance underscores an urgent need for Turkmenistan to diversify its energy portfolio and incorporate more low-carbon electricity solutions.

Suggestions

To increase low-carbon electricity generation, Turkmenistan can draw valuable insights from successful countries. For instance, France generates almost 70% of its electricity through nuclear power, demonstrating its potential as a reliable and scalable clean energy source. Closer to Turkmenistan, Armenia produces nearly a third of its electricity from nuclear energy, showing that similar countries can successfully incorporate this energy type. Wind energy provides another viable pathway, as exemplified by Denmark, where it accounts for about 60% of electricity, and Lithuania, with wind making up a third. Investing in solar technology is also promising based on Greece's example, which generates more than a fifth of its electricity from solar power. By adopting a mix of nuclear, wind, and solar electricity, Turkmenistan can significantly reduce its dependence on fossil fuels while enhancing its energy security and sustainability.

History

Reviewing the historical context, Turkmenistan has not made noticeable strides in low-carbon electricity generation. From the early 1990s through the 2020s, both hydro and solar power have shown zero growth annually in electricity generation capacity. This stagnation suggests that there has been little focus and investment in developing either hydro or solar infrastructure over these decades, missing opportunities to build a more diverse and cleaner electricity mix. Turkmenistan must critically assess these past shortcomings and embark on strategic planning and investment in building up its clean energy capabilities, with an emphasis on proven, low-carbon technologies like nuclear, wind, and solar power, to ensure a sustainable energy future.

Electricity Imports and Exports

Balance of Trade

Data Sources